Mrs. JnD How long has the FDA been around and better yet how long has statistical testing been practised? Since a certain priest call Malthus became interested in bird wings? So why do you think at this particular time in the evolution of science such a question as the one you posed needs to be considered?......But now that I reread your post may I suggest you google statistic research and get some basic help in statistical research before investing in bp companies? Why not set up a committee to come up with a policy that deals with the ethical issues surrounding those placed on the placebo arm?