LG Chem Develops Innovative Material to Enhance Battery Safety
Revolutionizing Battery Safety with Advanced Materials
LG Chem has made significant strides in battery safety with the development of the Safety Reinforced Layer (SRL). This innovative material aims to prevent thermal runaway, a critical issue often leading to battery failures in electric vehicles. In collaboration with experts from the Department of Battery Engineering at POSTECH, LG Chem's R&D team has designed this temperature-responsive material to enhance the safety of lithium-based batteries.
Understanding Thermal Runaway
Thermal runaway is a hazardous condition in lithium-ion batteries that can cause fires and explosions. It occurs when the inner components of the battery, specifically the cathode and anode, create a short circuit and generate uncontrollable heat. This heat can escalate to dangerously high temperatures, leading to catastrophic results. LG Chem’s SRL works as a protective barrier that intercepts the electrical flow when excessive heat is detected.
How the SRL Functions
The SRL is a composite material placed strategically between the cathode layer and the current collector of a battery cell. Its ultra-thin design—only 1 micrometer thick—allows for seamless integration into existing battery structures. When temperatures exceed safe levels of 90°C to 130°C, the SRL undergoes a change in electrical resistance, effectively acting as a fuse. This response helps to block the electrical current, mitigating the risk of fire.
Test Results Show Promising Outcomes
Extensive testing conducted by LG Chem has shown that batteries outfitted with the SRL have performed significantly better under stress conditions compared to standard batteries. For instance, during penetration tests, not a single battery with the SRL caught fire, whereas conventional batteries displayed a 16% fire incidence rate. Similarly, in impact tests, about 70% of batteries with the SRL remained unaffected, thus underscoring the potential of this technology in real-world applications.
Next Steps in Development
LG Chem is dedicated to ensuring that the SRL can be effectively used in large-capacity batteries, and has completed safety verifications for mobile devices. With plans to advance testing for electric vehicle applications, the company aims to bolster safety measures across all battery types. CTO Lee Jong-Ku emphasized the importance of these advancements in fostering customer confidence in electric vehicle technology, stating, "We will enhance safety technology to ensure customers can use electric vehicles with confidence and contribute to strengthening our competitiveness in the battery market."
About LG Chem
LG Chem stands as a pioneer in the chemical industry, renowned for its diverse product offerings ranging from advanced materials to life sciences. The firm not only produces pioneering battery materials but also incorporates sustainable practices aimed at achieving carbon neutrality by 2030 and net-zero emissions by 2050. This commitment reflects LG Chem's broader dedication to social responsibility and environmental stewardship. The company operates globally and reported robust revenues in its most recent fiscal year, underscoring its solid market position.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is thermal runaway in batteries?
Thermal runaway is a critical failure mode in lithium-ion batteries that can result in fires and explosions, occurring when heat generation exceeds the battery's capacity to dissipate it.
How does the Safety Reinforced Layer (SRL) work?
The SRL changes its electrical resistance in response to increased temperatures, effectively blocking the flow of electricity to prevent overheating and potential fires.
What materials are used in LG Chem's SRL?
The SRL is composed of a composite material specifically designed to be sensitive to temperature changes, efficiently acting as a thermal barrier within the battery.
What tests have been conducted on the SRL?
LG Chem has conducted penetration and impact tests, demonstrating that batteries with the SRL have a significantly reduced incidence of fire compared to conventional batteries.
What are LG Chem's sustainability goals?
LG Chem aims for carbon-neutral growth by 2030 and net-zero emissions by 2050, focusing on responsible practices in managing climate change and enhancing sustainable solutions.
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