The PD-1/PD-L1 pathway plays a significant role in
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Posted On: 07/12/2025 7:22:43 PM
The PD-1/PD-L1 pathway plays a significant role in HIV pathogenesis and can be targeted for therapeutic intervention. In HIV infection, PD-1 is upregulated on both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, especially those specific to HIV, and its expression correlates with viral load and disease progression. Blockade of the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway, either through antibodies against PD-1 or PD-L1, can enhance HIV-specific T cell responses, leading to increased proliferation, cytokine production, and improved function. This pathway is implicated in T cell exhaustion during chronic HIV infection, and targeting it aims to reinvigorate these exhausted cells and improve immune control of the virus.
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Nov. 2021 publication on the website:
Pg 8:
To measure CCR5 RO, we designed Leronlimab CCR5 RO assays based on methods previously established for RO measurements of anti-PD-1 antibodies in clinical trials
Pg 10
In-line with the preclinical macaque results, **....we observed increased frequencies of circulating
CCR5+CD4+ T cells following Leronlimab dosing**....
After Leronlimab initiation, frequencies of CCR5+CD4+ T cells circulating in the peripheral blood in Leronlimab-treated participants were statistically higher than in untreated participants (Figure 5C). Thus, the longitudinal CD4+ T cell
CCR5 RO in Leronlimab-treated participants and lack of measurable CCR5 RO in Leronlimab-untreated participants demonstrates the robustness and sensitivity of the clinical CCR5 RO assay.
Indeed, in both macaques and humans, CCR5 RO in the absence or presence of saturating plasma concentrations of Leronlimab was approximately 1% and 99%, respectively (Table 1). Cumulatively, these results establish precise methods to measure CCR5 RO in a pre-clinical nonhuman primate species
and in human participants in clinical trials, and demonstrate that **...Leronlimab CCR5 RO induces increased frequencies of CCR5+CD4+ T cells **.
The Hiv-MDR Feb. 2022 publication mentions Ibalizumab is the common CD4 blocker.
So, is it Leronlimab causes CD4 & CD8 upregulation, giving ICI manufacturers multiple industries ?
Can Creativ- Bio also now measure LL / CD4+ T cells ???
If so, what others are --- LL + CD4+ Tcells + ICI
___
Nov. 2021 publication on the website:
Pg 8:
To measure CCR5 RO, we designed Leronlimab CCR5 RO assays based on methods previously established for RO measurements of anti-PD-1 antibodies in clinical trials
Pg 10
In-line with the preclinical macaque results, **....we observed increased frequencies of circulating
CCR5+CD4+ T cells following Leronlimab dosing**....
After Leronlimab initiation, frequencies of CCR5+CD4+ T cells circulating in the peripheral blood in Leronlimab-treated participants were statistically higher than in untreated participants (Figure 5C). Thus, the longitudinal CD4+ T cell
CCR5 RO in Leronlimab-treated participants and lack of measurable CCR5 RO in Leronlimab-untreated participants demonstrates the robustness and sensitivity of the clinical CCR5 RO assay.
Indeed, in both macaques and humans, CCR5 RO in the absence or presence of saturating plasma concentrations of Leronlimab was approximately 1% and 99%, respectively (Table 1). Cumulatively, these results establish precise methods to measure CCR5 RO in a pre-clinical nonhuman primate species
and in human participants in clinical trials, and demonstrate that **...Leronlimab CCR5 RO induces increased frequencies of CCR5+CD4+ T cells **.
The Hiv-MDR Feb. 2022 publication mentions Ibalizumab is the common CD4 blocker.
So, is it Leronlimab causes CD4 & CD8 upregulation, giving ICI manufacturers multiple industries ?
Can Creativ- Bio also now measure LL / CD4+ T cells ???
If so, what others are --- LL + CD4+ Tcells + ICI
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