National Studies. Public Release: 25-Mar-2013 Pr
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Posted On: 03/25/2013 9:47:05 PM
National Studies.
Public Release: 25-Mar-2013
Proceedings of the National Acadamies of Sciences
UW researchers discover the brain origins of variation in pathological anxiety
New findings from nonhuman primates suggest that an overactive core circuit in the brain, and its interaction with other specialized circuits, accounts for the variability in symptoms shown by patients with severe anxiety. In a brain-imaging study to be published online today in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, researchers from the University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health describe work that for the first time provides an understanding of the root causes of clinical variability in anxiety disorders.
Public Release: 25-Mar-2013
Proceedings of the National Acadamies of Sciences UW researchers discover the brain origins of variation in pathological anxiety
New findings from nonhuman primates suggest that an overactive core circuit in the brain, and its interaction with other specialized circuits, accounts for the variability in symptoms shown by patients with severe anxiety. In a brain-imaging study to be published online today in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, researchers from the University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health describe work that for the first time provides an understanding of the root causes of clinical variability in anxiety disorders.
Contact: Susan Lampert Smith
ssmith5@uwhealth.org
608-890-5643
University of Wisconsin-Madison
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Public Release: 25-Mar-2013
Child Development Perspectives
Nouns before verbs?
Researchers are digging deeper into whether infants' ability to learn new words is shaped by the language being acquired. A Northwestern University study cites a promising new research agenda aimed at bringing researchers closer to discovering the impact of different languages on early language and cognitive development. Researchers have asked why infants learn new nouns more rapidly than new verbs, with many researchers asserting that the early noun-advantage is a universal feature of human language.
Child Development Perspectives Nouns before verbs?
Researchers are digging deeper into whether infants' ability to learn new words is shaped by the language being acquired. A Northwestern University study cites a promising new research agenda aimed at bringing researchers closer to discovering the impact of different languages on early language and cognitive development. Researchers have asked why infants learn new nouns more rapidly than new verbs, with many researchers asserting that the early noun-advantage is a universal feature of human language.
Contact: Hilary Hurd Anyaso
h-anyaso@northwestern.edu
847-491-4887
Northwestern University
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Public Release: 25-Mar-2013
Proceedings of the National Acadamy of Sciences
Artifacts shed light on social networks of the past
The advent of social networking sites like Facebook and Twitter have made us all more connected, but long-distance social networks existed long before the Internet. A new study led by a UA anthropologist provides new information on social networks in the pre-Hispanic Southwest in A.D. 1200-1450. Among the findings are that people were able to maintain surprisingly long distance relationships in a time when the only mode of transportation was walking.
Proceedings of the National Acadamy of Sciences Artifacts shed light on social networks of the past
The advent of social networking sites like Facebook and Twitter have made us all more connected, but long-distance social networks existed long before the Internet. A new study led by a UA anthropologist provides new information on social networks in the pre-Hispanic Southwest in A.D. 1200-1450. Among the findings are that people were able to maintain surprisingly long distance relationships in a time when the only mode of transportation was walking.
Contact: Barbara Mills
bmills@email.arizona.edu
520-621-6298
University of Arizona
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Public Release: 25-Mar-2013
Journal of Fish Biology
Scientists confirm first 2-headed bull shark
Scientists have confirmed the discovery of the first-ever, two-headed bull shark.
Journal of Fish Biology Scientists confirm first 2-headed bull shark
Scientists have confirmed the discovery of the first-ever, two-headed bull shark.
Contact: Layne Cameron
layne.cameron@cabs.msu.edu
517-353-8819
Michigan State University
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Public Release: 25-Mar-2013
Conservation Biology
New study analyzes the risk to endangered whales from ships in southern California
Researchers have identified areas off southern California with high numbers of whales and assessed their risk from potentially deadly collisions with commercial ship traffic in a study published in the scientific journal Conservation Biology.
Conservation Biology New study analyzes the risk to endangered whales from ships in southern California
Researchers have identified areas off southern California with high numbers of whales and assessed their risk from potentially deadly collisions with commercial ship traffic in a study published in the scientific journal Conservation Biology.
Contact: Jim Milbury
jim.milbury@noaa.gov
562-980-4006
NOAA National Marine Fisheries Service
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Public Release: 25-Mar-2013
JAMA Internal Medicine
New model predicts hospital readmission risk
Preventing avoidable readmissions could result in improved patient care and significant cost savings. In a new model developed at Brigham and Women's Hospital, researchers help clinicians identify which medical patients are at the greatest risk for potentially avoidable hospital readmissions so extra steps can be taken to keep those patients healthy and out of the hospital. The model is published in the March 25, 2013 online edition of JAMA Internal Medicine.
Swiss Science National Foundation, SICPA Foundation
JAMA Internal Medicine New model predicts hospital readmission risk
Preventing avoidable readmissions could result in improved patient care and significant cost savings. In a new model developed at Brigham and Women's Hospital, researchers help clinicians identify which medical patients are at the greatest risk for potentially avoidable hospital readmissions so extra steps can be taken to keep those patients healthy and out of the hospital. The model is published in the March 25, 2013 online edition of JAMA Internal Medicine.
Swiss Science National Foundation, SICPA Foundation Contact: Tom Langford
tlangford@partners.org
617-534-1605
Brigham and Women's Hospital
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Public Release: 25-Mar-2013
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
NCEAS research sheds light on achieving conservation's holy grail
Solutions that meet the broad, varied, and often competing priorities of conservation are difficult to come by. Research published in the March 28 edition of the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences takes a hard look at why, in an effort to find ways to resolve the issue.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences NCEAS research sheds light on achieving conservation's holy grail
Solutions that meet the broad, varied, and often competing priorities of conservation are difficult to come by. Research published in the March 28 edition of the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences takes a hard look at why, in an effort to find ways to resolve the issue.
Contact: Sonia Fernandez
sonia.fernandez@ia.ucsb.edu
805-893-4765
University of California - Santa Barbara
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Public Release: 25-Mar-2013
JAMA Internal Medicine
Michigan hospitals national leaders in preventing common and costly urinary tract infections
Michigan hospitals take the lead in preventing catheter-associated UTIs.
NIH/National Institute of Nursing Research
JAMA Internal Medicine Michigan hospitals national leaders in preventing common and costly urinary tract infections
Michigan hospitals take the lead in preventing catheter-associated UTIs.
NIH/National Institute of Nursing Research Contact: Beata Mostafavi
bmostafa@umich.edu
734-764-2220
University of Michigan Health System
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Public Release: 25-Mar-2013
Ecology and Society
Homeowner associations can support native species in suburban neighborhoods
Although it's known that construction of homes in suburban areas can have negative impacts on native plants and animals, a recent study led by University of Massachusetts Amherst ecologist Susannah Lerman suggests that well- managed residential development such as provided by homeowners associations can in fact support native wildlife.
National Science Foundation Central-Arizona Phoenix Long-Term Ecological Research
Ecology and Society Homeowner associations can support native species in suburban neighborhoods
Although it's known that construction of homes in suburban areas can have negative impacts on native plants and animals, a recent study led by University of Massachusetts Amherst ecologist Susannah Lerman suggests that well- managed residential development such as provided by homeowners associations can in fact support native wildlife.
National Science Foundation Central-Arizona Phoenix Long-Term Ecological Research Contact: Janet Lathrop
jlathrop@admin.umass.edu
413-545-0444
University of Massachusetts at Amherst
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Public Release: 25-Mar-2013
International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics
Ghanaian pregnant women who sleep on back at increased risk of stillbirth
Pregnant women in Ghana who slept on their back (supine sleep) were at an increased risk of stillbirth compared to women who did not sleep on their back, according to new research led by a University of Michigan researcher.
International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics Ghanaian pregnant women who sleep on back at increased risk of stillbirth
Pregnant women in Ghana who slept on their back (supine sleep) were at an increased risk of stillbirth compared to women who did not sleep on their back, according to new research led by a University of Michigan researcher.
Contact: Mary Masson
mfmasson@umich.edu
734-764-2220
University of Michigan Health System
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Public Release: 25-Mar-2013
FASEB Journal
Einstein study reveals new approach for stopping herpes infections
Researchers at Albert Einstein College of Medicine of Yeshiva University have discovered a novel strategy for preventing infections due to the highly common herpes simplex viruses, the microbes responsible for causing genital herpes (herpes simplex virus 2) and cold sores (herpes simplex virus 1). The finding, published online by The FASEB Journal, could lead to new drugs for treating or suppressing herpes virus infections.
National Institutes of Health, Center for AIDS Research
FASEB Journal Einstein study reveals new approach for stopping herpes infections
Researchers at Albert Einstein College of Medicine of Yeshiva University have discovered a novel strategy for preventing infections due to the highly common herpes simplex viruses, the microbes responsible for causing genital herpes (herpes simplex virus 2) and cold sores (herpes simplex virus 1). The finding, published online by The FASEB Journal, could lead to new drugs for treating or suppressing herpes virus infections.
National Institutes of Health, Center for AIDS Research Contact: Kim Newman
sciencenews@einstein.yu.edu
718-430-3101
Albert Einstein College of Medicine
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Public Release: 25-Mar-2013
eLife
Developing our sense of smell
Caltech biologists have found that neural-crest stem cells--multipotent, migratory cells unique to vertebrates that give rise to facial bones, smooth muscle, and other structures--also play a key role in building the nose's olfactory sensory neurons, the only neurons that regenerate throughout adult life. Learning how they form may offer insights into how neurons in general can be induced to differentiate or regenerate and new avenues for the treatment of neurological disorders or injury.
National Institutes of Health, Gordon Ross Postdoctoral Fellowship
eLife Developing our sense of smell
Caltech biologists have found that neural-crest stem cells--multipotent, migratory cells unique to vertebrates that give rise to facial bones, smooth muscle, and other structures--also play a key role in building the nose's olfactory sensory neurons, the only neurons that regenerate throughout adult life. Learning how they form may offer insights into how neurons in general can be induced to differentiate or regenerate and new avenues for the treatment of neurological disorders or injury.
National Institutes of Health, Gordon Ross Postdoctoral Fellowship Contact: Deborah Williams-Hedges
debwms@caltech.edu
626-395-3227
California Institute of Technology
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Public Release: 25-Mar-2013
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
Decreased water flow may be trade-off for more productive forest
As the need for carbon sequestration, biofuels, and other forest products increases, study suggests that there might be unintended consequences to enhancing ecosystems using fertilization.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences Decreased water flow may be trade-off for more productive forest
As the need for carbon sequestration, biofuels, and other forest products increases, study suggests that there might be unintended consequences to enhancing ecosystems using fertilization.
Contact: Jane Hodgins
jmhodgins@fs.fed.us
651-649-5281
USDA Forest Service - Northern Research Station
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Public Release: 25-Mar-2013
PLOS ONE
Smithsonian scientists use DNA to quickly unravel relationship between plants and insects
It can take years of direct observation for a researcher to fully understand the diets of a community of herbivorous insects in a tropical rain forest. Now, five Smithsonian scientists are paving a fast track using the DNA found inside the insects' stomachs, potentially turning years of research into months. This method will help scientists understand the ecology and evolution of plant-herbivore interactions more efficiently.
PLOS ONE Smithsonian scientists use DNA to quickly unravel relationship between plants and insects
It can take years of direct observation for a researcher to fully understand the diets of a community of herbivorous insects in a tropical rain forest. Now, five Smithsonian scientists are paving a fast track using the DNA found inside the insects' stomachs, potentially turning years of research into months. This method will help scientists understand the ecology and evolution of plant-herbivore interactions more efficiently.
Contact: John Gibbons
gibbonsjp@si.edu
202-633-5187
Smithsonian
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Public Release: 25-Mar-2013
Landscape and Urban Planning
Urban vegetation deters crime in Philadelphia
A new study of Philadelphia found that abundant vegetation, when well-maintained, can deter certain types of crime---particularly assault and robbery. The study is the first to look at the issue across an entire urban area and offers strong evidence for urban greening as part of city planning and crime prevention strategies.
Landscape and Urban Planning Urban vegetation deters crime in Philadelphia
A new study of Philadelphia found that abundant vegetation, when well-maintained, can deter certain types of crime---particularly assault and robbery. The study is the first to look at the issue across an entire urban area and offers strong evidence for urban greening as part of city planning and crime prevention strategies.
Contact: Kim Fischer
kim.fischer@temple.edu
215-204-7479
Temple University
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Public Release: 25-Mar-2013
Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin
Psychology study shows distance plays key role in gun control arguments
New UT psychology study shows people are more supportive of gun control policy when elected officials base their arguments on broader statistics, rather than isolated incidents.
Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin Psychology study shows distance plays key role in gun control arguments
New UT psychology study shows people are more supportive of gun control policy when elected officials base their arguments on broader statistics, rather than isolated incidents.
Contact: Erin Burgoon
erin.burgoon@gmail.com
734-730-0138
University of Texas at Austin
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Public Release: 25-Mar-2013
Researchers issue forecast for 'moderate' New England red tide in 2013
New England is expected to experience a "moderate" red tide this spring and summer, report NOAA-funded scientists studying the toxic algae that cause blooms in the Gulf of Maine. The "red tide" is caused by an alga Alexandrium fundyense, which produces a toxin that can cause paralytic shellfish poisoning. Red tide typically occurs annually along some portions of the Gulf of Maine coast. This year's outlook is similar to the 2012 red tide which was also classified as "moderate."
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
Researchers issue forecast for 'moderate' New England red tide in 2013
New England is expected to experience a "moderate" red tide this spring and summer, report NOAA-funded scientists studying the toxic algae that cause blooms in the Gulf of Maine. The "red tide" is caused by an alga Alexandrium fundyense, which produces a toxin that can cause paralytic shellfish poisoning. Red tide typically occurs annually along some portions of the Gulf of Maine coast. This year's outlook is similar to the 2012 red tide which was also classified as "moderate."
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Contact: WHOI Media Relations
media@whoi.edu
508-289-3340
Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
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Public Release: 25-Mar-2013
Nature Medicine
Researchers decode biology of blood and iron disorders mapping out novel future therapies
Two studies led by investigators at Weill Cornell Medical College shed light on the molecular biology of three blood disorders, leading to novel strategies to treat these diseases.
National Institutes of Health, Roche Foundation for Anemia Research, Children's Cancer Blood Foundation, American Portuguese Biomedical Research Fund
Nature Medicine Researchers decode biology of blood and iron disorders mapping out novel future therapies
Two studies led by investigators at Weill Cornell Medical College shed light on the molecular biology of three blood disorders, leading to novel strategies to treat these diseases.
National Institutes of Health, Roche Foundation for Anemia Research, Children's Cancer Blood Foundation, American Portuguese Biomedical Research Fund Contact: Lauren Woods
Law2014@med.cornell.edu
646-317-7401
Weill Cornell Medical College
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Public Release: 25-Mar-2013
BJU International
Kidney sparing surgery underutilized for patients who need it most
Researchers at the University of California, San Diego School of Medicine have released study results that show national treatment trends in the surgical management of patients with kidney disease. The study found that partial and complete kidney removal (total nephrectomy) and energy-based techniques to destroy tumors are all on the rise. Surprisingly, the patients most in need of kidney-sparing surgery are still more likely to undergo total nephrectomy.
BJU International Kidney sparing surgery underutilized for patients who need it most
Researchers at the University of California, San Diego School of Medicine have released study results that show national treatment trends in the surgical management of patients with kidney disease. The study found that partial and complete kidney removal (total nephrectomy) and energy-based techniques to destroy tumors are all on the rise. Surprisingly, the patients most in need of kidney-sparing surgery are still more likely to undergo total nephrectomy.
Contact: Jackie Carr
jcarr@ucsd.edu
619-543-6163
University of California - San Diego
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Public Release: 25-Mar-2013
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
Predictions of climate impacts on fisheries can be a mirage
In the early 1940s, California fishermen hauled in a historic bounty of sardine that set the backdrop for John Steinbeck's "Cannery Row" novel. But by the end of the decade the nets came up empty and the fishery collapsed. Where did they all go? According to a new study led by scientists at Scripps Institution of Oceanography at UC San Diego, the forces behind the sardine mystery are a dynamic and interconnected moving target.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences Predictions of climate impacts on fisheries can be a mirage
In the early 1940s, California fishermen hauled in a historic bounty of sardine that set the backdrop for John Steinbeck's "Cannery Row" novel. But by the end of the decade the nets came up empty and the fishery collapsed. Where did they all go? According to a new study led by scientists at Scripps Institution of Oceanography at UC San Diego, the forces behind the sardine mystery are a dynamic and interconnected moving target.
Contact: Mario Aguilera or Robert Monroe
scrippsnews@ucsd.edu
858-534-3624
University of California - San Diego
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Public Release: 25-Mar-2013
Environment International
Office workers carry biomarker of potentially harmful flame retardant, study finds
A flame retardant removed from children's pajamas 30 years ago but now used in polyurethane foam is prevalent in office environments, especially in older buildings, where urine testing of workers turned up widespread evidence of its biomarker, a new study led by Boston University School of Public Health researchers has found.
NIH/National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences
Environment International Office workers carry biomarker of potentially harmful flame retardant, study finds
A flame retardant removed from children's pajamas 30 years ago but now used in polyurethane foam is prevalent in office environments, especially in older buildings, where urine testing of workers turned up widespread evidence of its biomarker, a new study led by Boston University School of Public Health researchers has found.
NIH/National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences Contact: Lisa Chedekel
chedekel@bu.edu
617-638-7721
Boston University Medical Center
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Public Release: 25-Mar-2013
Psychological Science
Arguments in the home linked with babies' brain functioning
Being exposed to arguments between parents is associated with the way babies' brains process emotional tone of voice, according to a new study to be published in Psychological Science, a journal of the Association for Psychological Science.
Center for Drug Abuse Prevention in the Child Welfare System, Early Experience, Stress, and Neurobehavioral Development Center
Psychological Science Arguments in the home linked with babies' brain functioning
Being exposed to arguments between parents is associated with the way babies' brains process emotional tone of voice, according to a new study to be published in Psychological Science, a journal of the Association for Psychological Science.
Center for Drug Abuse Prevention in the Child Welfare System, Early Experience, Stress, and Neurobehavioral Development Center Contact: Anna Mikulak
amikulak@psychologicalscience.org
202-293-9300
Association for Psychological Science
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Public Release: 25-Mar-2013
Tearing down the technological 'Tower of Babel' along international borders
A recent experiment in communications between Canada and the US proved interoperable communications between the two countries will work.
US Department of Homeland Security/Science and Technology Directorate
Tearing down the technological 'Tower of Babel' along international borders
A recent experiment in communications between Canada and the US proved interoperable communications between the two countries will work.
US Department of Homeland Security/Science and Technology Directorate Contact: John Verrico
john.verrico@hq.dhs.gov
202-254-2385
US Department of Homeland Security - Science and Technology
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Public Release: 25-Mar-2013
Journal of GLBT Family Studies
New study suggests that same-sex parents are judged more harshly than heterosexual parents
Is there a double standard for gay parents? A new study published this month by a Binghamton University research team suggests that gay parents are being judged more harshly than straight parents.
Journal of GLBT Family Studies New study suggests that same-sex parents are judged more harshly than heterosexual parents
Is there a double standard for gay parents? A new study published this month by a Binghamton University research team suggests that gay parents are being judged more harshly than straight parents.
Contact: Ryan Yarosh
ryarosh@binghamton.edu
607-777-2174
Binghamton University
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Public Release: 25-Mar-2013
Pediatrics
Youth with diabetes at greater risk following transition from pediatric to adult care
A new study found that young people with type 1 diabetes who had transitioned from pediatric to adult care were two and a half times more likely to have chronically high blood glucose levels, putting them at higher risk for heart attacks, strokes, blindness and kidney failure later in life.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, NIH/National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases
Pediatrics Youth with diabetes at greater risk following transition from pediatric to adult care
A new study found that young people with type 1 diabetes who had transitioned from pediatric to adult care were two and a half times more likely to have chronically high blood glucose levels, putting them at higher risk for heart attacks, strokes, blindness and kidney failure later in life.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, NIH/National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases Contact: Amy Albin
aalbin@mednet.ucla.edu
310-794-8672
University of California - Los Angeles Health Sciences
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