Further on the nasal angle from Scientific America
Post# of 36537
"The development of highly effective COVID vaccines in less than a year is an extraordinary triumph of science. But several coronavirus variants have emerged that could at least partly evade the immune response induced by the vaccines. These variants should serve as a warning against complacency—and encourage us to explore a different type of vaccination, delivered as a spray in the nose. Intranasal vaccines could provide an additional degree of protection, and help reduce the spread of the virus.
The currently authorized vaccines are injected into the muscle of the upper arm. Through a variety of mechanisms, they simulate a coronavirus infection. To fight off this perceived attack, the immune system mobilizes antibodies and T cells. As a result, in the event of an actual coronavirus infection, the immune system is prepared with a strong defense.
This approach can be enormously effective in reducing the risk of illness. Among nearly 600,000 people in Israel who have been fully immunized with an injected coronavirus vaccine, there has been a 94 percent decline in symptomatic cases of COVID, according to research by the country’s largest health care provider. However, worrisome new coronavirus variants have the potential to substantially erode that impressive efficacy."