Intersesting Article Bandwidth constrains on 4K & 8K streaming by Huaweii.
https://www-file.huawei.com/-/media/corporate...eos-en.pdf
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3Recently, Huawei iLab video gene big data teamcompleted the gene-sequencing analysis of 200,000videos from across six mainstream Chinese and international video platforms, namely YouTube, Netflix, Le.com, iQiyi, Youku, and Tencent. Video bandwidth was the first big data gene collected by the team. Using big data analysis of the video bandwidth gene, Huawei iLab began releasing the "Video Big Data" series of big video data analysis reports from 2017. This document is the first in that series, "TheTop 10 Most Demanding Videos on the Net", which looks at which current over-the-top (OTT) videos have the highest network requirements by examining their bite rate, frame rate, resolution, and bandwidth requirements.1.All of the top 10 videos with the highest network bandwidth requirements are relatively short videos hosted on YouTube, with eight of them being 8K videos and two of them 4K.2.Whether video playback is smooth depends on the following three factors: average bit rate and bit rate burst size; the video transmission, playback, and buffering mechanisms of the OTT player; and whether a user is skipping through the video. 3.The peak bandwidth requirement of the number one 8K video during periods of burst bit rate is over 200 Mbit/s. 8K is still in the early stages of development, and so as frame rates and color depth increases it is expected that requirementswill reach over 300Mbit/sfor 8K videos. (bandwidth requirements hereinafter refers to burst bandwidth requirements)4.The bite rate bandwidth requirement of the number one 4K video is over 100Mbit/s. Bandwidths of 50Mbit/scan provide experience assurance for common 4K, but bandwidths of 100 Mbit/sare required for ultra4K.5.There are no 8K videos on Chinese OTT video platforms yet, and the 4K videos that these platforms offer are only "pseudo" 4K. The top 10 4K videos within China havean average bit rate of around 5.3 Mbit/s, which is below the entry-level criteria for 4K. The top 10 4K videos on YouTube havean average bit rate of 29.1 Mbit/s,showing that Chinese OTT platforms have a long way to go to catch up with their international counterparts.6.ChineseOTT 1080pand 720pvideoshave low bit rates, but theirbandwidth requirements are higher than equivalentOTT videos from outside of China.The bandwidth requirement of the most demanding1080p video in China is20 Mbit/s, while that of the most demanding720p video in China is10 Mbit/s.The bandwidth requirement of the most demanding1080p videooutside of Chinais50 Mbit/s, while that of the most demanding720p video outside of China is25 Mbit/s.7.The top 10 videos include three 8K VR and two 8K high dynamic range (HDR) videos. The top 10 4K videos include three gaming videos that feature a frame rate of 60 fps. With the rapid development of the VR industry, of HDR gaming and technology, and of live sports streaming,network bandwidth requirements are skyrocketing.
41 Top 10 Most Demanding Videos on the NetRankVideo nameContentResolutionBit rate(Mbps)Length(s)Frame rate(FPS)Bandwidth requirement(Mbps)Bandwidth/bitrate ratioICP1Asteroid Discovery -1970-2015 -8K resolutionScience8K 81.031030206.92.6YouTube2NORWAY 8KScenic8K 81.121330196.92.4YouTube3The Las Vegas Strip -8K 3D 360 Degree VideoScenic8K VR129.127830134.21.0YouTube4Cars on a Roundabout -Leaving a Car Show, October 2015Cars4K 75.3637501191.6YouTube58K [ULTRA-HD] 4320p VIDEO TESTScenic8K HDR63.0623084.31.3YouTube68K 4320P HDR] TOKYO HDR Time Lapse in 8KScenic8K HDR62.81263083.21.3YouTube7360°, Angel Falls, Venezuela. Part I. Aerial 8K videoScenic8K VR57.71193081.31.4YouTube8Tigers Go For A Swim In 360!!Scenic8K VR72.02243072.11.0YouTube9"Henosis" (8K SHORT FILM)Humanities8K 40.62112471.11.8YouTube10Asteroid Discovery -1970-2015 –4K resolutionScience4K 34.13103070.22.1YouTubeYouTube is the world's largest video platform. Therefore it should come as no surprise that every one of the top 10 most demanding videos on the Internet are hosted on YouTube, with eight of these being 8K videos and the remaining two being 4K videos. The bandwidth requirement of the 8K video in first place is over 200Mbit/s. With 8Ktechnology still being in the early stages of development, it is expected that in future as frame rates and color depth increases, requirements will grow to reach 300Mbit/s.1.First place:an 8K recording of the discovery asteroids. An infrared telescope was used to scan the entire night sky, and more than 500,000 asteroids that posed a potential threat to Earth were recorded.
5The asteroids appear deceptively close to one another in the video. In fact, even at the highest resolution each pixel represents a distance of about 311,000 miles. This is most likely why the video needed to be recorded at such a high resolution and bit rate.It is also worth mentioning that the 4K resolution version of this same video also earned a place on the list, coming in atnumber 10, proving that this video really can claim to be the most demanding on the Internet.2.Second place:a video of a Norwegian landscape. Norway's breathtakingly beautiful countryside is shown in the highest 8K resolution.
https://www-file.huawei.com/-/media/corporate...eos-en.pdf
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3Recently, Huawei iLab video gene big data teamcompleted the gene-sequencing analysis of 200,000videos from across six mainstream Chinese and international video platforms, namely YouTube, Netflix, Le.com, iQiyi, Youku, and Tencent. Video bandwidth was the first big data gene collected by the team. Using big data analysis of the video bandwidth gene, Huawei iLab began releasing the "Video Big Data" series of big video data analysis reports from 2017. This document is the first in that series, "TheTop 10 Most Demanding Videos on the Net", which looks at which current over-the-top (OTT) videos have the highest network requirements by examining their bite rate, frame rate, resolution, and bandwidth requirements.1.All of the top 10 videos with the highest network bandwidth requirements are relatively short videos hosted on YouTube, with eight of them being 8K videos and two of them 4K.2.Whether video playback is smooth depends on the following three factors: average bit rate and bit rate burst size; the video transmission, playback, and buffering mechanisms of the OTT player; and whether a user is skipping through the video. 3.The peak bandwidth requirement of the number one 8K video during periods of burst bit rate is over 200 Mbit/s. 8K is still in the early stages of development, and so as frame rates and color depth increases it is expected that requirementswill reach over 300Mbit/sfor 8K videos. (bandwidth requirements hereinafter refers to burst bandwidth requirements)4.The bite rate bandwidth requirement of the number one 4K video is over 100Mbit/s. Bandwidths of 50Mbit/scan provide experience assurance for common 4K, but bandwidths of 100 Mbit/sare required for ultra4K.5.There are no 8K videos on Chinese OTT video platforms yet, and the 4K videos that these platforms offer are only "pseudo" 4K. The top 10 4K videos within China havean average bit rate of around 5.3 Mbit/s, which is below the entry-level criteria for 4K. The top 10 4K videos on YouTube havean average bit rate of 29.1 Mbit/s,showing that Chinese OTT platforms have a long way to go to catch up with their international counterparts.6.ChineseOTT 1080pand 720pvideoshave low bit rates, but theirbandwidth requirements are higher than equivalentOTT videos from outside of China.The bandwidth requirement of the most demanding1080p video in China is20 Mbit/s, while that of the most demanding720p video in China is10 Mbit/s.The bandwidth requirement of the most demanding1080p videooutside of Chinais50 Mbit/s, while that of the most demanding720p video outside of China is25 Mbit/s.7.The top 10 videos include three 8K VR and two 8K high dynamic range (HDR) videos. The top 10 4K videos include three gaming videos that feature a frame rate of 60 fps. With the rapid development of the VR industry, of HDR gaming and technology, and of live sports streaming,network bandwidth requirements are skyrocketing.
41 Top 10 Most Demanding Videos on the NetRankVideo nameContentResolutionBit rate(Mbps)Length(s)Frame rate(FPS)Bandwidth requirement(Mbps)Bandwidth/bitrate ratioICP1Asteroid Discovery -1970-2015 -8K resolutionScience8K 81.031030206.92.6YouTube2NORWAY 8KScenic8K 81.121330196.92.4YouTube3The Las Vegas Strip -8K 3D 360 Degree VideoScenic8K VR129.127830134.21.0YouTube4Cars on a Roundabout -Leaving a Car Show, October 2015Cars4K 75.3637501191.6YouTube58K [ULTRA-HD] 4320p VIDEO TESTScenic8K HDR63.0623084.31.3YouTube68K 4320P HDR] TOKYO HDR Time Lapse in 8KScenic8K HDR62.81263083.21.3YouTube7360°, Angel Falls, Venezuela. Part I. Aerial 8K videoScenic8K VR57.71193081.31.4YouTube8Tigers Go For A Swim In 360!!Scenic8K VR72.02243072.11.0YouTube9"Henosis" (8K SHORT FILM)Humanities8K 40.62112471.11.8YouTube10Asteroid Discovery -1970-2015 –4K resolutionScience4K 34.13103070.22.1YouTubeYouTube is the world's largest video platform. Therefore it should come as no surprise that every one of the top 10 most demanding videos on the Internet are hosted on YouTube, with eight of these being 8K videos and the remaining two being 4K videos. The bandwidth requirement of the 8K video in first place is over 200Mbit/s. With 8Ktechnology still being in the early stages of development, it is expected that in future as frame rates and color depth increases, requirements will grow to reach 300Mbit/s.1.First place:an 8K recording of the discovery asteroids. An infrared telescope was used to scan the entire night sky, and more than 500,000 asteroids that posed a potential threat to Earth were recorded.
5The asteroids appear deceptively close to one another in the video. In fact, even at the highest resolution each pixel represents a distance of about 311,000 miles. This is most likely why the video needed to be recorded at such a high resolution and bit rate.It is also worth mentioning that the 4K resolution version of this same video also earned a place on the list, coming in atnumber 10, proving that this video really can claim to be the most demanding on the Internet.2.Second place:a video of a Norwegian landscape. Norway's breathtakingly beautiful countryside is shown in the highest 8K resolution.
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