Good point. If we rank the use of different gold n
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Rough gold nanoparticles - different sizes and shapes - lack of uniformity
Gold nanorods - superior lumenescence to gold nanoparticles due to uniform tubular shape. Commonly used in assays but lack some advantages of the next two materials -
Gold nanocrystals - uniform ordered shape and size for surface functionalization and lumenescence advantages.
Gold quantum dots - distinct advantages of quantum confinement for tunable broad excitation and narrow emission spectra, signal brightness, high quantum yield and photo-stability.