Zion completed all of the land compensation fo

Zion completed all of the land compensation for the 3-D survey in November 2019. All land parcels and the kibbutz approved the completion of the geophysical survey. Subsequently, the Contractor demobilized the equipment from Israel to Europe. All field data from acquisition was delivered to Dallas, Texas and the Ministry of Energy in Israel. Additionally, the final acquisition reports from the Contractor and Zion were delivered to the Ministry of Energy in December per the Ministry guidelines enacted in July 2019.



Zion and Agile Seismic Processing Services (“ASPS”) are continuing to process and interpret the data set with state-of-the-art technologies allowing for comprehensive imaging at depth. Zion’s previous 2-D data sets have been added into the 3-D volume allowing for further verification. The estimated completion timeframe for the final data set is projected to be in April 2020. Our questions from the MJ#1 well are being correlated with the 3-D data set to provide potential solutions on a go forward basis.



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On March 12, 2020, Zion entered into a Purchase and Sale Agreement with Central European Drilling kft, a Hungarian corporation, to purchase an onshore oil and gas drilling rig, drilling pipe, related equipment and excess inventory for a purchase price of $5.6 million in cash, subject to acceptance testing and potential downward adjustment. We remitted to the Seller $250,000 on February 6, 2020 as earnest money towards the Purchase Price. The Closing anticipated by the Agreement also took place on March 12, 2020 by the Seller’s execution and delivery of a Bill of Sale to us. On March 13, 2020, the Seller retained the earnest money deposit, and the Company remitted $4,350,000 to the seller towards the purchase price and $1,000,000 (the “Holdback Amount”) was deposited in escrow with American Stock Transfer and Trust Company LLC, as escrow agent, through July 10, 2020, or as extended by mutual agreement of the parties, pending a determination, if any, by us of any operating deficiency in the drilling rig. Should we determine in our sole opinion that the drilling rig is not in satisfactory operating condition, then upon notice to the Seller, we and the Seller shall jointly determine if the operating deficiencies identified by us existed prior to the closing of the transaction. If it is determined that these deficiencies existed prior to the closing, then the Seller will undertake to cure the deficiencies within a reasonable time period. If the Seller is unable or unwilling to cure the deficiencies within the time period agrees to between the parties, we may solicit third party bids to repair the deficiencies and the cost thereof shall be paid out of the Holdback Amount.



Exploration Expenditures



The following table summarizes the amounts we expended on our exploration efforts between 2018 and 2019:


2019 2018
US$
(000) US$
(000)
Megiddo-Jezreel Valley License
Geological & Geophysical Operations 3,119 611
Equipment purchases 87 655
Location construction 25 100
Plug & Abandonment Operations 78 --
Exploratory Drilling Operations 1,005 14,581

Asher-Menashe License (expired on June 9, 2014) Plug & Abandonment Operations 56 --

Total 4,370 15,947



Employees & Contractors



As of December 31, 2019, we had 25 employees and contractors of whom all but five are on a full-time basis. Included in this number are certain contractors who provide services to Zion on an ongoing basis. Of the 25 total headcount, 16 work out of our Dallas office and 9 work out of the Caesarea, Israel office. None of our current employees or contractors are subject to any collective bargaining agreements, and there have been no strikes.



We regularly utilize independent consultants and contractors to perform various professional services, particularly for services connected to drilling operations, such as specialized drilling, health and safety, engineering, logging, cementing and well-testing.



Competition and Markets



The oil and gas exploration industry in Israel currently consists of a number of exploration companies. These include relatively small local or foreign companies (such as Zion Oil & Gas, Genie Oil & Gas/Afek, and Givot Olam), as well as larger consortia of local Israeli and foreign participants (Noble Energy Inc./Delek Group Ltd.). Most groups are engaged primarily in offshore activities, which is not an area in which we are currently active. So long as we hold our current license, Israeli law conveys an exclusive exploration right to Zion such that no additional companies may compete in our license area.



Historically, Israel (particularly onshore) has not been an area of interest for international integrated or large or mid-size independent oil and gas exploration companies for various reasons, one of which is likely geopolitical. Since the announcement of the Tamar and Leviathan discoveries during 2009 and 2010, this situation has changed somewhat. Limited availability in Israel of oil field service companies, equipment and personnel continues to present obstacles, especially during periods of decreased activity and risk aversion in the current market. We attempt to enhance our position by developing and maintaining good professional relations with oil field service providers and by demonstrating a high level of credibility in making and meeting commercial commitments.



The oil and gas industry is cyclical, and from time to time there is a shortage of drilling rigs, equipment, supplies and qualified personnel. During these periods, the costs and delivery times of rigs, equipment and supplies can vary greatly. If the unavailability or high cost of drilling and completion rigs, equipment, supplies or qualified personnel was particularly severe in the areas where we operate, we could be materially and adversely affected. We will continue to monitor the market and build service provider relationships in order to help mitigate concentration risk.



If any exploratory well that we drill is commercially productive, we would install the appropriate production equipment which includes, among other items, oil and gas separation facilities and storage tanks. Under the terms of the Petroleum Law, we may be required by the Minister of Energy and Water Resources to offer first refusal for any oil and gas discovered to Israeli domestic purchasers at market prices.



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Since Israel imports almost all of its crude oil needs and the market for crude oil in Israel is limited to two local oil refineries, no special marketing strategy needs to be adopted initially with regard to any oil that we may ultimately discover. We believe that we would have a ready local market for our oil at market prices in addition to having the option of exporting to the international market, if any of our future exploratory wells are commercially productive.