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The poorly and moderately differentiated adenocarcinomas showed CCR5 intensity 60.5% and 26.26% compared to non –neoplastic tissues (4%).

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In addition to this, the second criterion that determines the fate of patients with PC is its distant metastasis that is detected in two-thirds of the patients. The most common site of distant metastasis in PC is the liver and then the brain

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A significant feature of PC is its metastatic behavior that invades other organs. In order to determine the functional significance of CCR5/CCL5 interaction leading to the invasion of PC cell, we used the spheroid cell invasion assay using all the three PC cell lines (AsPc-1, BxPc-3, MIA PaCa-2), which displayed a differential expression of CCR5 and CCL5. With the addition of CCL5 as a chemotactic attractant in the medium, the invading cells projected out of the spheroid into the surrounding matrix with spindle-like projections. However, such invasion was not observed in the control cells where the chemokine was not added (Fig. 5A and . In order to substantiate that the invasion was due to the chemotactic attraction of CCR5 with CCL5, we inhibited the function of CCL5 using maraviroc. In this test, the invasive capability of the PC cells was abrogated, and they resembled that of the control cells. These findings indicated the potential role of CCL5/CCR5 interaction mediated invasion of PC cells.

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