Stock charts tell me everything that I need to know to do my analysis. They tell me how people feel about a stock, whether there are good things happening within the company's business, how the economy is affecting the company and, most importantly, what the potential for price change is.
Here are some simple rules of chart reading that I think anyone analyzing charts should keep in mind.
Prices That Fall in to Support Will Bounce at Support
Support and resistance are important concepts of chart analysis. Support is a floor price that has been formed by the market over time, it is a low price point where the price trend stopped going down and started to go up. Chart readers look for breaks through support as a signal that a down trend is beginning.
However, that is not always the case. If a stock's price is falling day after day, it is likely to bounce around support but it may go through support temporarily. Therefore, don't short breaks through support if the break comes after a number of days of downward price movement. Prices in free fall will usually bounce around support.
Prices that Consolidate Before Breaking Support Will Trend Lower
Here is how to apply the sell on a break of support rule. If prices are trending sideways with relatively low volatility at or near an area of price support and then make a downward move through support, the stock is likely going in to a downward trend. The difference here is that the downtrend is just starting with an initial break through support.
You can reverse these rules for resistance and upside breakouts as well.
Breakouts From Low Price Volatility are Reliable
What does it mean when stocks trend sideways with very little price volatility? It is more than just a boring chart, it means that buyers and sellers agree about what the stock is worth. It is a display of confidence in the value given to the stock.
Therefore, if the stock price breaks from this period of confidence, it implies that there is new information that justifies the price move. This usually comes in the early stages of a trend; as more investors learn about the new information, more people will jump in to the stock and carry it farther along its trend.
This means that identifying breaks from low price volatility is an important way to catch market beating trends early.
Prices That Run Away From the Trend Line Come Back to the Trendline
In the long term, prices tend to trend in a linear fashion. That means you can draw a straight line across the bottoms of an up trend or a straight line across the tops of a down trend.
However, along the way, prices will often move away from this straight line. This happens because investors get emotional and either chase the stock higher with greed or force the stock quickly lower with fear.
The emotion eventually comes out of the market, bringing the stock back to that linear, straight trend line.
This means that we should be aware of a short term price reversal the farther prices get from the linear trend line. A stock that runs away to the upside will eventually come down on a pull back. Prices that fall too quickly will eventually come up.
This rule works best with up trends, which tend to be more orderly and longer lasting than down trends.
All Available Information Is Shown In the Chart
Traditional investors who have heard me talk about the markets often shake their heads when they hear that I do not do any research in to what the company does before I buy a stock. They find it hard to believe that I can make money trading nothing more than the chart.
The chart of price change shows us every bit of fundamental information that is known by the market. Since most investors are acting on information to make their decisions, reading a chart is essentially reading their perceptions of the information that they have. A company that is doing well within their business will have a good looking chart because investors are pricing in the positive new information.
Falling Tops Are a Sign That Investors are Pessimistic
If investors believe that there is something wrong with a company's ability to make money in the future, they will drive prices lower over time. This pessimism is best seen visually in a chart by looking for falling tops. The falling tops on the chart show that every time the buyers are able to push prices up, they are unable to push prices as high as they had the previous time. That is a sign that the sellers are in control of the market.
Rising Bottoms Are a Sign That Investors are Optimistic
Conversely, if the bottoms are rising on the chart, investors are optimistic and the buyers are in control. Each time the sellers are able to push prices down, they are unable to push them down as much as they had the previous time.
It is best to only buy stocks that are in the buyers' control.
Up Trends Start Slowly
A stock that has been an under or non-performer will have investor's doubt any time it shows some strength. Investors tend to judge a stock by what has happened in the past rather than what they expect for the future. The result is that stocks that are starting upward trends tend to do so slowly because investors doubt that the company deserves to go higher.
This means you have to be patient with up trends that are in their early stages as they will often have false starts. Doubting investors who own the stock will sell in to strength, not realizing that the company's future is brighter than it has been.
The sellers are in control of the stock market right now but I don't expect the weakness to last long. The current pessimistic outlook is based primarily on the weak state of Europe but I think much of the selling is in reference to what happened last year rather than current events. I am short the market through ETFs like GLD, T.HXD and VXX and those trades are doing well, but I am not eager to open new shorts right now because the selling pressure has pushed stocks down sharply, demonstrating that it is fear that is driving price. That means the market could snap back up on a bit of good news out of Europe.
I think the market is due for a bounce but there is still no sign of one, so I stick with my current positions. The trades that have been done don't matter however, we need to consider what the next trade will be. For that, I offer some guidance.
When stocks run away from their trend lines, they usually come back to them. There are so many stocks, particularly in the commodity based sectors, that have fallen far below their downward trend lines. That means they are due for a bounce.
To take advantage of the bounce when it starts to happen, you have to know what to look for. Start with liquid, well known names that have been obliterated by the sellers lately. These stocks will be in steep downward trends, to take advantage of a bounce we need to see them start to show optimism
