Nortel Ntwks Cp Hldg (NRTLQ) 0.0061 $NRTLQ
Nortel Pensioners denounce the recent proposed settlement agreement between Nortel Networks Inc. (US) and the Bondholders
CNW Group - Thu Jul 31, 5:14PM CDT
Nortel Networks Inc. (NNI), the U.S. unit of defunct Canadian telecom company Nortel Networks Corp., has agreed that certain bondholders will receive up to approximately $1 billion in interest, over and above the approximately $3.9 billion of principal and interest on their bonds as of the date that Nortel commenced insolvency proceedings in Canada, the U.S., the U.K. and Europe, if NNI is solvent.
GCG Promotes Ellen Riley and Ken Kuveke to AVP
PRWeb - Mon Jun 16, 9:04AM CDT
The Garden City Group, Inc. (GCG), the leading provider of legal administration services, is pleased to announce the promotions of Ellen Riley and Ken Kuveke to assistant vice president. Both are based in the firm's New York headquarters.
Spherix (SPEX) Stock Is Tumbling Today
at The Street - Thu Mar 27, 11:30AM CDT
Shares of Spherix (SPEX) were down 23% to $3.45 in trading Thursday.
Global Terrestrial Optics Market 2012-2016: The Internet Penetration in Most Southeast Asian Countries is Lower Than 10 Percent
M2 - Thu Mar 13, 11:57AM CDT
Research and Markets (http://www.researchandmarkets.com/research/pldtm2/global) has announced the addition of the "Global Terrestrial Optics Market 2012-2016" report to their offering. The analysts forecast the Global Terrestrial Optics market to grow at a CAGR of 4.81 percent over the period 2012-2016. One of the key factors contributing to this market growth is the increasing rollout of fiber optics networks in China and Southeast Asia. The Global Terrestrial Optics market has also been witnessing the increasing price competition among terrestrial optical network equipment providers. However, the increasing demand for terrestrial wireless communication systems could pose a challenge to the growth of this market. The key vendors dominating this market space are Alcatel-Lucent S.A., Ciena Corp., Fujitsu Ltd., Huawei Technologies Co. Ltd., and ZTE Corp. The other vendors mentioned in the report are Cisco Systems Inc., Fiberhome Telecommunication Technologies Co. Ltd., Hengtong Group Co. Ltd., Infinera Corp., Jiangsu Sterlite and Tongguang Optical Fibers Co. Ltd., Nortel Networks Corp., Yangtze Optical Fiber and Cable Co. Ltd., and Zhongli Science and Technology Group Co. Ltd. Commenting on the report, an analyst from TechNavio's Telecom team said: ''Currently, the adoption of terrestrial optical fiber networks is increasing across the globe as a result of the high demand for internet connectivity. A number of players are entering the market to cater to this increased demand as well as to take advantage of favorable policies and investments in China, the MEA region, and Southeast Asia. In addition, China-based players offer terrestrial optical fiber products at much lower prices than many other vendors, and this has led to price wars among players in the market. Thus, intense market competition and price wars among vendors is an emerging trend in the Global Terrestrial Optics market.'' For more information visit http://www.researchandmarkets.com/research/pldtm2/global About Research and Markets Research and Markets is the world's leading source for international market research reports and market data. We provide you with the latest data on international and regional markets, key industries, the top companies, new products and the latest trends.
Global Ethernet Access Device Market 2012-2016: ADVA Optical Networking SE., Ciena Corp., Overture Networks Inc., and Actelis Network Inc. Among Top Vendors
M2 - Wed Mar 12, 11:45AM CDT
Research and Markets (http://www.researchandmarkets.com/research/8sf4ft/global_ethernet) has announced the addition of the "Global Ethernet Access Device Market 2012-2016" report to their offering. The analysts forecast the Global Ethernet Access Device market to grow at a CAGR of 13.62 percent over the period 2012-2016. One of the key factors contributing to this market growth is the increasing adoption of Ethernet access devices in telecom network backhaul. The Global Ethernet Access Device market has also been witnessing a decrease in the price of Ethernet access devices. However, the complex installation process of Ethernet access devices could pose a challenge to the growth of this market. The key vendors dominating this market space are ADVA Optical Networking SE., Ciena Corp., Overture Networks Inc., and Actelis Network Inc. The other vendors mentioned in the report are Alcatel-Lucent Inc., Bell Labs Inc., Cisco System Inc., Ericsson Inc., Hewlett-Packard Co., Huawei Co. Ltd., IBM Corp., NEC Corp., Nokia Siemens Networks Pvt. Ltd., Nortel Networks Corp., Samsung Networks Inc., UTStarcom Holdings Corp., and ZTE Corp. Commenting on the report, an analyst from the Networking team said: ''The Global Ethernet Access Device market is highly price-sensitive. The market demand has prompted many vendors to reduce their prices to remain competitive in the market. Moreover, cost is one of the main reasons why end-users switch vendors. The Ethernet access devices offered in the market mostly have the same capabilities, except for certain advanced add-on features; hence, there is competition among vendors that provide these add-on features. The advancements in technology have helped Ethernet access device component suppliers reduce the cost of the electronic components used in Ethernet access devices. The prices of Ethernet access devices are increasingly reducing as a result of the technological advancements and the intense competition in the market.'' According to the report, one of the major drivers is increased adoption of Ethernet access devices in telecom network backhauls. Due to the increasing demand for high-speed packet transfers in the backhauls, more telecom operators are deploying fiber-optic networks. Hence, they are adopting Ethernet access devices for seamless connectivity and higher efficiency of the backhaul networks. For more information visit http://www.researchandmarkets.com/research/8s...l_ethernet About Research and Markets Research and Markets is the world's leading source for international market research reports and market data. We provide you with the latest data on international and regional markets, key industries, the top companies, new products and the latest trends.
Concise Anlaysis of the International Network Outsourcing Market - Forecasts to 2016
M2 - Wed Mar 12, 4:58AM CDT
Research and Markets (http://www.researchandmarkets.com/research/jr8453/global_network) has announced the addition of the "Concise Anlaysis of the International Network Outsourcing Market - Forecasts to 2016" report to their offering. The main trend witnessed by the Global Network Outsourcing market is the increase in end-to-end solutions from the vendors. There would be increased focus on the entire process by network operators and not the specific tasks. The network operators would like to invest in the entire suite of diverse processes such as the order entry, circuit design, customer care, and telecom expense management instead of having separate outsourcing providers for individual tasks or projects. The outsourcing providers would bring all their expertise and six sigma approaches in providing end-to-end solutions. According to the report, the major factor which is driving the market is the growing focus towards increasing profitability by the service providers. Network outsourcing is extremely beneficial in reducing the expenses as the service providers need not invest heavily in resources or in hiring new employees for new telecom network infrastructure. Further, the report states that the major challenge faced by the Global Network Outsourcing market is the minimal adoption of network outsourcing by the network operators in the US. There are huge and highly advanced network operators in the US such as AT&T Co., Verizon Wireless Inc., and Sprint Corp. with strong networks across the country. However, these network operators are investing more on network architecture than investing in network outsourcing. Key Topics Covered: 1. Executive Summary 2. List of Abbreviations 3. Introduction 4. Research Methodology 5. Scope of the Report 6. Market Landscape 7. Geographical Segmentation 8. Key Leading Countries 9. Vendor Landscape 10. Buying Criteria 11. Market Growth Drivers 12. Drivers and their Impact 13. Market Challenges 14. Impact of Drivers and Challenges 15. Market Trends 16. Key Vendor Analysis 17. Other Reports in this Series Companies Mentioned: - Ericsson Inc. - HP Co. - IBM Corp. - Nokia Siemens Networks - Alcatel Lucent - Huawei Technologies Co. Ltd. - Juniper Networks Inc. - Motorola Inc. - Nortel Networks Corp. - Tellabs Inc. - UTStarcom Inc - ZTE Corp. For more information visit http://www.researchandmarkets.com/research/jr...al_network
Global 4G Equipment Market 2012-2016: Since 4G Networks Are Highly Scalable, They Facilitate Improved Network Efficiency
M2 - Tue Mar 04, 11:43AM CST
Research and Markets (http://www.researchandmarkets.com/research/ntkj9n/global_4g) has announced the addition of the "Global 4G Equipment Market 2012-2016" report to their offering. The analysts forecast the Global 4G Equipment market to grow at a CAGR of 47.49 percent over the period 2012-2016. One of the key factors contributing to this market growth is the exponential growth of network traffic. The Global 4G Equipment market has also been witnessing increased investments in China. However, security and privacy issues could pose a challenge to the growth of this market. The key vendors dominating this space include Alcatel-Lucent, Ericsson Inc., Huawei Technologies Co. Ltd., and Nokia Siemens Networks. The other vendors mentioned in the report are Alvarion Ltd., Airspan Networks Inc., Cisco Systems Inc., Datan Mobile Communications Equipment Company Ltd., Fujitsu Ltd., Genband Inc., HP Co., NEC Corp., NewNet Communication Technologies, Nortel Networks Corp., Proxim Wireless Corp., Redline Communications, Samsung Group., UTStarcom Inc., and ZTE Corp. Commenting on the report, an analyst from the Telecom team said: One of the major trends in the Global 4G Equipment market is the increasing investment in China. China is expected to be a potential market for 4G equipment because all the major service providers in China such as China Telecom and China Unicom are investing heavily in LTE networks. Moreover, the Chinese government is providing subsidies to service providers as well as equipment manufacturers, thereby further boosting market growth. The leading Chinese vendors such as Huawei and ZTE are growing at a rapid pace and are expected to challenge global players such as Ericsson in the future. According to the report, one of the major drivers is the exponential growth of network traffic. Consumers across the world have been increasingly using bandwidth-intensive services such as video streaming and mobile internet games, which require highly efficient network services. For more information visit http://www.researchandmarkets.com/research/ntkj9n/global_4g About Research and Markets Research and Markets is the world's leading source for international market research reports and market data. We provide you with the latest data on international and regional markets, key industries, the top companies, new products and the latest trends.
Concise Analysis of the US LTE Market
M2 - Fri Feb 28, 6:54AM CST
Research and Markets (http://www.researchandmarkets.com/research/k3h73g/lte_market_in_us) has announced the addition of the "Concise Analysis of the US LTE Market" report to their offering. The main trend witnessed in the LTE market in the US is increased investment by AT&T. The LTE market in the US was mainly dominated by Verizon, which introduced the LTE networks in the US. Verizon and Sprint were the first network operators to introduce LTE in the US and Verizon invested heavily in 2010-2011, giving it a dominant position in the market. However, AT&T has been investing heavily since 2011 in order to enhance its position in the market. The company also tried to acquire T-Mobile, another network operator in the US, in 2011, but it was unsuccessful. However, the increased investment by AT&T in LTE and the increased deployment of LTE networks across the country have led to immense growth in the market and increased competition among the network operators. According to the report, the main factor which is driving the LTE market in the US is the increased competition among the network operators. Verizon, the biggest network operator, has invested significantly in LTE. Sprint, another major network operator, was also one of the first operators to invest in LTE networks. Key Topics Covered: 1. Executive Summary 2. List of Abbreviations 3. Introduction 4. Market Research Methodology 5. Scope of the Report 6. Market Landscape 7. Vendor Landscape 8. Buying Criteria 9. Market Growth Drivers 10. Drivers and their Impact 11. Market Challenges 12. Impact of Drivers and Challenges 13. Market Trends 14. Key Vendor Analysis Companies Mentioned: - Alcatel-Lucent - Ericsson Inc. - Nokia Siemens Networks. The network operators domination this space include - AT&T Inc. - Verizon Wireless Inc. - Airspan Networks Inc. - Cisco Systems Inc. - Datan Mobile Communications Equipment Company Ltd. - Fujitsu Ltd. - Genband Inc. - HP Co. - Huawei Technologies Co. Ltd. - NEC Corp. - NewNet Communication Technologies - Nortel Networks Corp. - Proxim Wireless Corp. - Redline Communications - Samsung Group. - UTStarcom Inc. - ZTE Corp. For more information visit http://www.researchandmarkets.com/research/k3...rket_in_us
Exponential Growth in Network Traffic One of the Major Drivers in Global Next-Generation High-Speed Wireless Networking Market
M2 - Wed Feb 26, 6:44AM CST
Research and Markets (http://www.researchandmarkets.com/research/j46cll/global_next) has announced the addition of the "Global Next Generation High Speed Wireless Networking Market 2012-2016" report to their offering. The analysts forecast the Global Next-generation High-speed Wireless Networking market to grow at a CAGR of 7.94 percent over the period 2012-2016. One of the key factors contributing to this market growth is the increased adoption of HSPA technology. The Global Next-generation High-speed Wireless Networking market has also been witnessing an increase in the deployment of LTE networks. However, the selection of the right technology for network upgradation could pose a challenge to the growth of this market. The key vendors dominating this space are Alcatel-Lucent, Ericsson Inc., Huawei Technologies Co. Ltd., and Nokia Siemens Networks. The other vendors mentioned in the report are Samsung Group, Cisco Systems Inc., ZTE Corp., Nortel Networks Corp., Airspan Networks Inc., Alvarion Ltd., Datan Mobile Communications Equipment Company Ltd., Fujitsu Ltd., Genband Inc., HP Co., NEC Corp., NewNet Communication Technologies, Proxim Wireless Corp., Redline Communications, UTStarcom Inc., and Brocade Communications Systems Inc. Commenting on the report, an analyst from the Networking team said: ''The increasing deployment of LTE networks is one of the emerging trends in the Global Next-generation High-speed Wireless Networking market. The growing demand for higher bandwidth has led service providers to increasingly invest in LTE networks. The service providers in developed economies such as the US, Japan, Germany etc. have already deployed LTE networks. However, a high deployment of LTE is expected in the APAC region especially in China and India in the coming years. Indeed, LTE adoption is expected to increase significantly across all geographies in the coming years.'' For more information visit http://www.researchandmarkets.com/research/j4...lobal_next About Research and Markets Research and Markets is the world's leading source for international market research reports and market data. We provide you with the latest data on international and regional markets, key industries, the top companies, new products and the latest trends.
The Global Network Outsourcing Market to Grow at a CAGR of 4.67 Percent over the Period 2012-2016
M2 - Fri Aug 09, 9:31AM CDT
Research and Markets (http://www.researchandmarkets.com/research/5zw7zw/global_network) has announced the addition of the "Global Network Outsourcing Market 2012-2016" report to their offering. One of the key factors contributing to this market growth is the increased profitability obtained when using network outsourcing. The Global Network Outsourcing market has also been witnessing an increasing number of end-to-end solutions. However, the minimal adoption of network outsourcing in the US could pose a challenge to the growth of this market. The key vendors dominating this space include Ericsson Inc., HP Co., IBM Corp., and Nokia Siemens Networks. The other vendors mentioned in this report are Alcatel Lucent, Huawei Technologies Co. Ltd., Juniper Networks Inc., Motorola Inc., Nortel Networks Corp., Tellabs Inc., UTStarcom Inc, and ZTE Corp. Commenting on the report, an analyst from the team said: The main trend witnessed by the Global Network Outsourcing market is the increase in end-to-end solutions from the vendors. There would be increased focus on the entire process by network operators and not the specific tasks. The network operators would like to invest in the entire suite of diverse processes such as the order entry, circuit design, customer care, and telecom expense management instead of having separate outsourcing providers for individual tasks or projects. The outsourcing providers would bring all their expertise and six sigma approaches in providing end-to-end solutions. According to the report, the major factor which is driving the market is the growing focus towards increasing profitability by the service providers. Network outsourcing is extremely beneficial in reducing the expenses as the service providers need not invest heavily in resources or in hiring new employees for new telecom network infrastructure. There are huge and highly advanced network operators in the US such as AT&T Co., Verizon Wireless Inc., and Sprint Corp. with strong networks across the country. However, these network operators are investing more on network architecture than investing in network outsourcing. For more information visit http://www.researchandmarkets.com/research/5z...al_network About Research and Markets Research and Markets is the world's leading source for international market research reports and market data. We provide you with the latest data on international and regional markets, key industries, the top companies, new products and the latest trends.
LTE Market in US Report with Forecast to 2016
M2 - Wed Jul 03, 3:46AM CDT
Research and Markets (http://www.researchandmarkets.com/research/tdg2gj/lte_market_in_us) has announced the addition of the "LTE Market in US 2012-2016" report to their offering. The Long Term Evolution (LTE) market in the US is forecast to grow at a CAGR of 45.65 percent over the period 2012-2016. One of the key factors contributing to this market growth is the increased competition among network operators. The market has also been witnessing increased investment from AT&T Corp. However, pricing issues could pose a challenge to the growth of this market. This analysis has been prepared based on an in-depth market analysis with inputs from industry experts. The report covers the LTE market in the US landscape and its growth prospects in the coming years. The report also includes a discussion of the key vendors operating in this market. Key questions answered in this report: - What will the market size be in 2016 and at what will be the growth rate? - What are key market trends? - What is driving this mar
Global Hardware and Software Support Services Market 2012-2016
M2 - Thu Jun 27, 4:06AM CDT
Research and Markets (http://www.researchandmarkets.com/research/nh8b8p/global_hardware) has announced the addition of the Global Hardware and Software Support Services Market 2012-2016 report to their offering. TechNavio's analysts forecast the Global Hardware and Software Support Services market to grow at a CAGR of 3.43 percent over the period 2012-2016. One of the key factors contributing to this market growth is the increase in the adoption of IT support services by the Government sector. The Global Hardware and Software Support Services market has also been witnessing an increasing focus on SMEs. However, the unstable global economic recovery could pose a challenge to the growth of this market. TechNavio's report, the Global Hardware and Software Support Services Market 2012-2016, has been prepared based on an in-depth market analysis with inputs from industry experts. The report covers the America, EMEA, and APAC regions; it also covers the Global Hardware and Software Support Services market lan
Global Next Generation High Speed Wireless Networking Market 2013 Report
M2 - Fri Jun 21, 5:49AM CDT
Research and Markets (http://www.researchandmarkets.com/research/6jqt7t/global_next) has announced the addition of the "Global Next Generation High Speed Wireless Networking Market 2012-2016" report to their offering. Global Next-Generation High-Speed Wireless Networking Market To Grow At A CAGR Of 7.94 Percent Over The Period 2012-2016 TechNavio's report, Global Next-generation High-speed Wireless Networking Market 2012-2016, has been prepared based on an in-depth market analysis with inputs from industry experts. Commenting on the report, an analyst from TechNavio's Networking team said: ''The increasing deployment of LTE networks is one of the emerging trends in the Global Next-generation High-speed Wireless Networking market. The growing demand for higher bandwidth has led service providers to increasingly invest in LTE networks. The service providers in developed economies such as the US, Japan, Germany etc. have already deployed LTE networks. However, a high deployment of LTE is expected in the APA
The Global Terrestrial Optics Market to Grow At A CAGR Of 4.81 Percent over the Period 2012-2016
M2 - Thu Apr 11, 11:24AM CDT
Research and Markets has announced the addition of the "Global Terrestrial Optics Market 2012-2016" report to their offering. One of the key factors contributing to this market growth is the increasing rollout of fiber optics networks in China and Southeast Asia. The Global Terrestrial Optics market has also been witnessing the increasing price competition among terrestrial optical network equipment providers. However, the increasing demand for terrestrial wireless communication systems could pose a challenge to the growth of this market. The key vendors dominating this market space are Alcatel-Lucent S.A., Ciena Corp., Fujitsu Ltd., Huawei Technologies Co. Ltd., and ZTE Corp. The other vendors mentioned in the report are Cisco Systems Inc., Fiberhome Telecommunication Technologies Co. Ltd., Hengtong Group Co. Ltd., Infinera Corp., Jiangsu Sterlite and Tongguang Optical Fibers Co. Ltd., Nortel Networks Corp., Yangtze Optical Fiber and Cable Co. Ltd., and Zhongli Science and Technology Group Co. Ltd. Te
The Global Ethernet Access Device Market to Grow At A CAGR Of 13.62 Percent over the Period 2012-2016
M2 - Thu Apr 11, 11:08AM CDT
Research and Markets has announced the addition of the "Global Ethernet Access Device Market 2012-2016" report to their offering. One of the key factors contributing to this market growth is the increasing adoption of Ethernet access devices in telecom network backhaul. The Global Ethernet Access Device market has also been witnessing a decrease in the price of Ethernet access devices. However, the complex installation process of Ethernet access devices could pose a challenge to the growth of this market. The key vendors dominating this market space are ADVA Optical Networking SE., Ciena Corp., Overture Networks Inc., and Actelis Network Inc. The other vendors mentioned in the report are Alcatel-Lucent Inc., Bell Labs Inc., Cisco System Inc., Ericsson Inc., Hewlett-Packard Co., Huawei Co. Ltd., IBM Corp., NEC Corp., Nokia Siemens Networks Pvt. Ltd., Nortel Networks Corp., Samsung Networks Inc., UTStarcom Holdings Corp., and ZTE Corp. Commenting on the report, an analyst from TechNavio's Networking team
Global Next Generation High Speed Wireless Networking Market 2012-2016: Market to grow at a CAGR of 7.94%
M2 - Fri Mar 22, 7:54AM CDT
Research and Markets (http://www.researchandmarkets.com/research/r5t8qt/global_next) has announced the addition of the "Global Next Generation High Speed Wireless Networking Market 2012-2016" report to their offering. TechNavio's analysts forecast the Global Next-generation High-speed Wireless Networking market to grow at a CAGR of 7.94 percent over the period 2012-2016. One of the key factors contributing to this market growth is the increased adoption of HSPA technology. The Global Next-generation High-speed Wireless Networking market has also been witnessing an increase in the deployment of LTE networks. However, the selection of the right technology for network upgradation could pose a challenge to the growth of this market. This report has been prepared based on an in-depth market analysis with inputs from industry experts. The report covers the Americas, and the EMEA and APAC regions; it covers the Global Next-generation High-speed Wireless Networking market landscape and its growth prospects in the
The Global Hardware and Software Support Services Market to Grow At A CAGR Of 3.43 Percent over the Period 2012-2016
M2 - Wed Feb 13, 11:46AM CST
Research and Markets (http://www.researchandmarkets.com/research/4f3dfv/global_hardware) has announced the addition of the "Global Hardware and Software Support Services Market 2012-2016" report to their offering. One of the key factors contributing to this market growth is the increase in the adoption of IT support services by the Government sector. The Global Hardware and Software Support Services market has also been witnessing an increasing focus on SMEs. However, the unstable global economic recovery could pose a challenge to the growth of this market. The key vendors dominating the Global Hardware and Software Support Services market space are Amazon Inc., Apple Inc., Barnes and Noble Inc., and Blackboard Inc. The other vendors mentioned in the report are Accenture plc, Avaya Inc., CA Technologies Inc., Cisco Systems Inc., Dell Inc., EMC Corp., Fujitsu Ltd., Microsoft Corp., Nortel Networks Corp., Novell Inc., Red Hat Inc., Symantec Corp., Unisys Corp., and VMware Inc. Commenting on the report, an
Internet Protocol Television (iPTV) - Global Strategic Business Report
M2 - Fri Feb 01, 6:28AM CST
Research and Markets (http://www.researchandmarkets.com/research/bxzln2/internet_protocol) has announced the addition of the "Internet Protocol Television (iPTV) - Global Strategic Business Report" report to their offering. This report analyzes the worldwide markets for Internet Protocol Television (iPTV) in Millions of Subscribers and US$ Million. The global market is analyzed by the following Systems: - Set-Top Boxes - Access Systems - Video Headend Equipment - Video-on-Demand - Middleware - Content Protection - and System Integration. The report provides separate comprehensive analytics for the US, Canada, Europe, Asia-Pacific, and Rest of World. Annual estimates and forecasts are provided for the period 2009 through 2017. Also, a five-year historic analysis is provided for these markets. The report profiles 130 companies. Market data and analytics are derived from primary and secondary research. Company profiles are primarily based upon search engine sources in the public domain. Total Companies Pr
Global Ethernet Switch Market 2011-2015: One of the Main Growth Inhibitors Is Increase In Point Of Failures in Ethernet Networks
M2 - Tue Jan 08, 9:16AM CST
Research and Markets (http://www.researchandmarkets.com/research/5s936l/global_ethernet) has announced the addition of the "Global Ethernet Switch Market 2011-2015" report to their offering. TechNavio's analysts forecast the Global Ethernet Switch market to grow at a CAGR of 8.21 percent over the period 2012-2016. One of the key factors contributing to this market growth is the increasing demand for 10Gb Ethernet switches. The Global Ethernet Switch market has also been witnessing the increasing adoption in storage area network. However, the increase in point of failures in Ethernet networks could pose a challenge to the growth of this market. Commenting on the report, an analyst from TechNavio's Networking team said: ''One of the main trends in the Global Ethernet Switch market is the increasing adoption of Ethernet switches in storage area network (SAN) for storage. As a result of the significant increase in enterprise data, enterprises are increasingly investing in data storage networks such as SAN. Al
Nortel Pensioners denounce the recent proposed settlement agreement between Nortel Networks Inc. (US) and the Bondholders
CNW Group - Thu Jul 31, 5:14PM CDT
Nortel Networks Inc. (NNI), the U.S. unit of defunct Canadian telecom company Nortel Networks Corp., has agreed that certain bondholders will receive up to approximately $1 billion in interest, over and above the approximately $3.9 billion of principal and interest on their bonds as of the date that Nortel commenced insolvency proceedings in Canada, the U.S., the U.K. and Europe, if NNI is solvent.
GCG Promotes Ellen Riley and Ken Kuveke to AVP
PRWeb - Mon Jun 16, 9:04AM CDT
The Garden City Group, Inc. (GCG), the leading provider of legal administration services, is pleased to announce the promotions of Ellen Riley and Ken Kuveke to assistant vice president. Both are based in the firm's New York headquarters.
Spherix (SPEX) Stock Is Tumbling Today
at The Street - Thu Mar 27, 11:30AM CDT
Shares of Spherix (SPEX) were down 23% to $3.45 in trading Thursday.
Global Terrestrial Optics Market 2012-2016: The Internet Penetration in Most Southeast Asian Countries is Lower Than 10 Percent
M2 - Thu Mar 13, 11:57AM CDT
Research and Markets (http://www.researchandmarkets.com/research/pldtm2/global) has announced the addition of the "Global Terrestrial Optics Market 2012-2016" report to their offering. The analysts forecast the Global Terrestrial Optics market to grow at a CAGR of 4.81 percent over the period 2012-2016. One of the key factors contributing to this market growth is the increasing rollout of fiber optics networks in China and Southeast Asia. The Global Terrestrial Optics market has also been witnessing the increasing price competition among terrestrial optical network equipment providers. However, the increasing demand for terrestrial wireless communication systems could pose a challenge to the growth of this market. The key vendors dominating this market space are Alcatel-Lucent S.A., Ciena Corp., Fujitsu Ltd., Huawei Technologies Co. Ltd., and ZTE Corp. The other vendors mentioned in the report are Cisco Systems Inc., Fiberhome Telecommunication Technologies Co. Ltd., Hengtong Group Co. Ltd., Infinera Corp., Jiangsu Sterlite and Tongguang Optical Fibers Co. Ltd., Nortel Networks Corp., Yangtze Optical Fiber and Cable Co. Ltd., and Zhongli Science and Technology Group Co. Ltd. Commenting on the report, an analyst from TechNavio's Telecom team said: ''Currently, the adoption of terrestrial optical fiber networks is increasing across the globe as a result of the high demand for internet connectivity. A number of players are entering the market to cater to this increased demand as well as to take advantage of favorable policies and investments in China, the MEA region, and Southeast Asia. In addition, China-based players offer terrestrial optical fiber products at much lower prices than many other vendors, and this has led to price wars among players in the market. Thus, intense market competition and price wars among vendors is an emerging trend in the Global Terrestrial Optics market.'' For more information visit http://www.researchandmarkets.com/research/pldtm2/global About Research and Markets Research and Markets is the world's leading source for international market research reports and market data. We provide you with the latest data on international and regional markets, key industries, the top companies, new products and the latest trends.
Global Ethernet Access Device Market 2012-2016: ADVA Optical Networking SE., Ciena Corp., Overture Networks Inc., and Actelis Network Inc. Among Top Vendors
M2 - Wed Mar 12, 11:45AM CDT
Research and Markets (http://www.researchandmarkets.com/research/8sf4ft/global_ethernet) has announced the addition of the "Global Ethernet Access Device Market 2012-2016" report to their offering. The analysts forecast the Global Ethernet Access Device market to grow at a CAGR of 13.62 percent over the period 2012-2016. One of the key factors contributing to this market growth is the increasing adoption of Ethernet access devices in telecom network backhaul. The Global Ethernet Access Device market has also been witnessing a decrease in the price of Ethernet access devices. However, the complex installation process of Ethernet access devices could pose a challenge to the growth of this market. The key vendors dominating this market space are ADVA Optical Networking SE., Ciena Corp., Overture Networks Inc., and Actelis Network Inc. The other vendors mentioned in the report are Alcatel-Lucent Inc., Bell Labs Inc., Cisco System Inc., Ericsson Inc., Hewlett-Packard Co., Huawei Co. Ltd., IBM Corp., NEC Corp., Nokia Siemens Networks Pvt. Ltd., Nortel Networks Corp., Samsung Networks Inc., UTStarcom Holdings Corp., and ZTE Corp. Commenting on the report, an analyst from the Networking team said: ''The Global Ethernet Access Device market is highly price-sensitive. The market demand has prompted many vendors to reduce their prices to remain competitive in the market. Moreover, cost is one of the main reasons why end-users switch vendors. The Ethernet access devices offered in the market mostly have the same capabilities, except for certain advanced add-on features; hence, there is competition among vendors that provide these add-on features. The advancements in technology have helped Ethernet access device component suppliers reduce the cost of the electronic components used in Ethernet access devices. The prices of Ethernet access devices are increasingly reducing as a result of the technological advancements and the intense competition in the market.'' According to the report, one of the major drivers is increased adoption of Ethernet access devices in telecom network backhauls. Due to the increasing demand for high-speed packet transfers in the backhauls, more telecom operators are deploying fiber-optic networks. Hence, they are adopting Ethernet access devices for seamless connectivity and higher efficiency of the backhaul networks. For more information visit http://www.researchandmarkets.com/research/8s...l_ethernet About Research and Markets Research and Markets is the world's leading source for international market research reports and market data. We provide you with the latest data on international and regional markets, key industries, the top companies, new products and the latest trends.
Concise Anlaysis of the International Network Outsourcing Market - Forecasts to 2016
M2 - Wed Mar 12, 4:58AM CDT
Research and Markets (http://www.researchandmarkets.com/research/jr8453/global_network) has announced the addition of the "Concise Anlaysis of the International Network Outsourcing Market - Forecasts to 2016" report to their offering. The main trend witnessed by the Global Network Outsourcing market is the increase in end-to-end solutions from the vendors. There would be increased focus on the entire process by network operators and not the specific tasks. The network operators would like to invest in the entire suite of diverse processes such as the order entry, circuit design, customer care, and telecom expense management instead of having separate outsourcing providers for individual tasks or projects. The outsourcing providers would bring all their expertise and six sigma approaches in providing end-to-end solutions. According to the report, the major factor which is driving the market is the growing focus towards increasing profitability by the service providers. Network outsourcing is extremely beneficial in reducing the expenses as the service providers need not invest heavily in resources or in hiring new employees for new telecom network infrastructure. Further, the report states that the major challenge faced by the Global Network Outsourcing market is the minimal adoption of network outsourcing by the network operators in the US. There are huge and highly advanced network operators in the US such as AT&T Co., Verizon Wireless Inc., and Sprint Corp. with strong networks across the country. However, these network operators are investing more on network architecture than investing in network outsourcing. Key Topics Covered: 1. Executive Summary 2. List of Abbreviations 3. Introduction 4. Research Methodology 5. Scope of the Report 6. Market Landscape 7. Geographical Segmentation 8. Key Leading Countries 9. Vendor Landscape 10. Buying Criteria 11. Market Growth Drivers 12. Drivers and their Impact 13. Market Challenges 14. Impact of Drivers and Challenges 15. Market Trends 16. Key Vendor Analysis 17. Other Reports in this Series Companies Mentioned: - Ericsson Inc. - HP Co. - IBM Corp. - Nokia Siemens Networks - Alcatel Lucent - Huawei Technologies Co. Ltd. - Juniper Networks Inc. - Motorola Inc. - Nortel Networks Corp. - Tellabs Inc. - UTStarcom Inc - ZTE Corp. For more information visit http://www.researchandmarkets.com/research/jr...al_network
Global 4G Equipment Market 2012-2016: Since 4G Networks Are Highly Scalable, They Facilitate Improved Network Efficiency
M2 - Tue Mar 04, 11:43AM CST
Research and Markets (http://www.researchandmarkets.com/research/ntkj9n/global_4g) has announced the addition of the "Global 4G Equipment Market 2012-2016" report to their offering. The analysts forecast the Global 4G Equipment market to grow at a CAGR of 47.49 percent over the period 2012-2016. One of the key factors contributing to this market growth is the exponential growth of network traffic. The Global 4G Equipment market has also been witnessing increased investments in China. However, security and privacy issues could pose a challenge to the growth of this market. The key vendors dominating this space include Alcatel-Lucent, Ericsson Inc., Huawei Technologies Co. Ltd., and Nokia Siemens Networks. The other vendors mentioned in the report are Alvarion Ltd., Airspan Networks Inc., Cisco Systems Inc., Datan Mobile Communications Equipment Company Ltd., Fujitsu Ltd., Genband Inc., HP Co., NEC Corp., NewNet Communication Technologies, Nortel Networks Corp., Proxim Wireless Corp., Redline Communications, Samsung Group., UTStarcom Inc., and ZTE Corp. Commenting on the report, an analyst from the Telecom team said: One of the major trends in the Global 4G Equipment market is the increasing investment in China. China is expected to be a potential market for 4G equipment because all the major service providers in China such as China Telecom and China Unicom are investing heavily in LTE networks. Moreover, the Chinese government is providing subsidies to service providers as well as equipment manufacturers, thereby further boosting market growth. The leading Chinese vendors such as Huawei and ZTE are growing at a rapid pace and are expected to challenge global players such as Ericsson in the future. According to the report, one of the major drivers is the exponential growth of network traffic. Consumers across the world have been increasingly using bandwidth-intensive services such as video streaming and mobile internet games, which require highly efficient network services. For more information visit http://www.researchandmarkets.com/research/ntkj9n/global_4g About Research and Markets Research and Markets is the world's leading source for international market research reports and market data. We provide you with the latest data on international and regional markets, key industries, the top companies, new products and the latest trends.
Concise Analysis of the US LTE Market
M2 - Fri Feb 28, 6:54AM CST
Research and Markets (http://www.researchandmarkets.com/research/k3h73g/lte_market_in_us) has announced the addition of the "Concise Analysis of the US LTE Market" report to their offering. The main trend witnessed in the LTE market in the US is increased investment by AT&T. The LTE market in the US was mainly dominated by Verizon, which introduced the LTE networks in the US. Verizon and Sprint were the first network operators to introduce LTE in the US and Verizon invested heavily in 2010-2011, giving it a dominant position in the market. However, AT&T has been investing heavily since 2011 in order to enhance its position in the market. The company also tried to acquire T-Mobile, another network operator in the US, in 2011, but it was unsuccessful. However, the increased investment by AT&T in LTE and the increased deployment of LTE networks across the country have led to immense growth in the market and increased competition among the network operators. According to the report, the main factor which is driving the LTE market in the US is the increased competition among the network operators. Verizon, the biggest network operator, has invested significantly in LTE. Sprint, another major network operator, was also one of the first operators to invest in LTE networks. Key Topics Covered: 1. Executive Summary 2. List of Abbreviations 3. Introduction 4. Market Research Methodology 5. Scope of the Report 6. Market Landscape 7. Vendor Landscape 8. Buying Criteria 9. Market Growth Drivers 10. Drivers and their Impact 11. Market Challenges 12. Impact of Drivers and Challenges 13. Market Trends 14. Key Vendor Analysis Companies Mentioned: - Alcatel-Lucent - Ericsson Inc. - Nokia Siemens Networks. The network operators domination this space include - AT&T Inc. - Verizon Wireless Inc. - Airspan Networks Inc. - Cisco Systems Inc. - Datan Mobile Communications Equipment Company Ltd. - Fujitsu Ltd. - Genband Inc. - HP Co. - Huawei Technologies Co. Ltd. - NEC Corp. - NewNet Communication Technologies - Nortel Networks Corp. - Proxim Wireless Corp. - Redline Communications - Samsung Group. - UTStarcom Inc. - ZTE Corp. For more information visit http://www.researchandmarkets.com/research/k3...rket_in_us
Exponential Growth in Network Traffic One of the Major Drivers in Global Next-Generation High-Speed Wireless Networking Market
M2 - Wed Feb 26, 6:44AM CST
Research and Markets (http://www.researchandmarkets.com/research/j46cll/global_next) has announced the addition of the "Global Next Generation High Speed Wireless Networking Market 2012-2016" report to their offering. The analysts forecast the Global Next-generation High-speed Wireless Networking market to grow at a CAGR of 7.94 percent over the period 2012-2016. One of the key factors contributing to this market growth is the increased adoption of HSPA technology. The Global Next-generation High-speed Wireless Networking market has also been witnessing an increase in the deployment of LTE networks. However, the selection of the right technology for network upgradation could pose a challenge to the growth of this market. The key vendors dominating this space are Alcatel-Lucent, Ericsson Inc., Huawei Technologies Co. Ltd., and Nokia Siemens Networks. The other vendors mentioned in the report are Samsung Group, Cisco Systems Inc., ZTE Corp., Nortel Networks Corp., Airspan Networks Inc., Alvarion Ltd., Datan Mobile Communications Equipment Company Ltd., Fujitsu Ltd., Genband Inc., HP Co., NEC Corp., NewNet Communication Technologies, Proxim Wireless Corp., Redline Communications, UTStarcom Inc., and Brocade Communications Systems Inc. Commenting on the report, an analyst from the Networking team said: ''The increasing deployment of LTE networks is one of the emerging trends in the Global Next-generation High-speed Wireless Networking market. The growing demand for higher bandwidth has led service providers to increasingly invest in LTE networks. The service providers in developed economies such as the US, Japan, Germany etc. have already deployed LTE networks. However, a high deployment of LTE is expected in the APAC region especially in China and India in the coming years. Indeed, LTE adoption is expected to increase significantly across all geographies in the coming years.'' For more information visit http://www.researchandmarkets.com/research/j4...lobal_next About Research and Markets Research and Markets is the world's leading source for international market research reports and market data. We provide you with the latest data on international and regional markets, key industries, the top companies, new products and the latest trends.
The Global Network Outsourcing Market to Grow at a CAGR of 4.67 Percent over the Period 2012-2016
M2 - Fri Aug 09, 9:31AM CDT
Research and Markets (http://www.researchandmarkets.com/research/5zw7zw/global_network) has announced the addition of the "Global Network Outsourcing Market 2012-2016" report to their offering. One of the key factors contributing to this market growth is the increased profitability obtained when using network outsourcing. The Global Network Outsourcing market has also been witnessing an increasing number of end-to-end solutions. However, the minimal adoption of network outsourcing in the US could pose a challenge to the growth of this market. The key vendors dominating this space include Ericsson Inc., HP Co., IBM Corp., and Nokia Siemens Networks. The other vendors mentioned in this report are Alcatel Lucent, Huawei Technologies Co. Ltd., Juniper Networks Inc., Motorola Inc., Nortel Networks Corp., Tellabs Inc., UTStarcom Inc, and ZTE Corp. Commenting on the report, an analyst from the team said: The main trend witnessed by the Global Network Outsourcing market is the increase in end-to-end solutions from the vendors. There would be increased focus on the entire process by network operators and not the specific tasks. The network operators would like to invest in the entire suite of diverse processes such as the order entry, circuit design, customer care, and telecom expense management instead of having separate outsourcing providers for individual tasks or projects. The outsourcing providers would bring all their expertise and six sigma approaches in providing end-to-end solutions. According to the report, the major factor which is driving the market is the growing focus towards increasing profitability by the service providers. Network outsourcing is extremely beneficial in reducing the expenses as the service providers need not invest heavily in resources or in hiring new employees for new telecom network infrastructure. There are huge and highly advanced network operators in the US such as AT&T Co., Verizon Wireless Inc., and Sprint Corp. with strong networks across the country. However, these network operators are investing more on network architecture than investing in network outsourcing. For more information visit http://www.researchandmarkets.com/research/5z...al_network About Research and Markets Research and Markets is the world's leading source for international market research reports and market data. We provide you with the latest data on international and regional markets, key industries, the top companies, new products and the latest trends.
LTE Market in US Report with Forecast to 2016
M2 - Wed Jul 03, 3:46AM CDT
Research and Markets (http://www.researchandmarkets.com/research/tdg2gj/lte_market_in_us) has announced the addition of the "LTE Market in US 2012-2016" report to their offering. The Long Term Evolution (LTE) market in the US is forecast to grow at a CAGR of 45.65 percent over the period 2012-2016. One of the key factors contributing to this market growth is the increased competition among network operators. The market has also been witnessing increased investment from AT&T Corp. However, pricing issues could pose a challenge to the growth of this market. This analysis has been prepared based on an in-depth market analysis with inputs from industry experts. The report covers the LTE market in the US landscape and its growth prospects in the coming years. The report also includes a discussion of the key vendors operating in this market. Key questions answered in this report: - What will the market size be in 2016 and at what will be the growth rate? - What are key market trends? - What is driving this mar
Global Hardware and Software Support Services Market 2012-2016
M2 - Thu Jun 27, 4:06AM CDT
Research and Markets (http://www.researchandmarkets.com/research/nh8b8p/global_hardware) has announced the addition of the Global Hardware and Software Support Services Market 2012-2016 report to their offering. TechNavio's analysts forecast the Global Hardware and Software Support Services market to grow at a CAGR of 3.43 percent over the period 2012-2016. One of the key factors contributing to this market growth is the increase in the adoption of IT support services by the Government sector. The Global Hardware and Software Support Services market has also been witnessing an increasing focus on SMEs. However, the unstable global economic recovery could pose a challenge to the growth of this market. TechNavio's report, the Global Hardware and Software Support Services Market 2012-2016, has been prepared based on an in-depth market analysis with inputs from industry experts. The report covers the America, EMEA, and APAC regions; it also covers the Global Hardware and Software Support Services market lan
Global Next Generation High Speed Wireless Networking Market 2013 Report
M2 - Fri Jun 21, 5:49AM CDT
Research and Markets (http://www.researchandmarkets.com/research/6jqt7t/global_next) has announced the addition of the "Global Next Generation High Speed Wireless Networking Market 2012-2016" report to their offering. Global Next-Generation High-Speed Wireless Networking Market To Grow At A CAGR Of 7.94 Percent Over The Period 2012-2016 TechNavio's report, Global Next-generation High-speed Wireless Networking Market 2012-2016, has been prepared based on an in-depth market analysis with inputs from industry experts. Commenting on the report, an analyst from TechNavio's Networking team said: ''The increasing deployment of LTE networks is one of the emerging trends in the Global Next-generation High-speed Wireless Networking market. The growing demand for higher bandwidth has led service providers to increasingly invest in LTE networks. The service providers in developed economies such as the US, Japan, Germany etc. have already deployed LTE networks. However, a high deployment of LTE is expected in the APA
The Global Terrestrial Optics Market to Grow At A CAGR Of 4.81 Percent over the Period 2012-2016
M2 - Thu Apr 11, 11:24AM CDT
Research and Markets has announced the addition of the "Global Terrestrial Optics Market 2012-2016" report to their offering. One of the key factors contributing to this market growth is the increasing rollout of fiber optics networks in China and Southeast Asia. The Global Terrestrial Optics market has also been witnessing the increasing price competition among terrestrial optical network equipment providers. However, the increasing demand for terrestrial wireless communication systems could pose a challenge to the growth of this market. The key vendors dominating this market space are Alcatel-Lucent S.A., Ciena Corp., Fujitsu Ltd., Huawei Technologies Co. Ltd., and ZTE Corp. The other vendors mentioned in the report are Cisco Systems Inc., Fiberhome Telecommunication Technologies Co. Ltd., Hengtong Group Co. Ltd., Infinera Corp., Jiangsu Sterlite and Tongguang Optical Fibers Co. Ltd., Nortel Networks Corp., Yangtze Optical Fiber and Cable Co. Ltd., and Zhongli Science and Technology Group Co. Ltd. Te
The Global Ethernet Access Device Market to Grow At A CAGR Of 13.62 Percent over the Period 2012-2016
M2 - Thu Apr 11, 11:08AM CDT
Research and Markets has announced the addition of the "Global Ethernet Access Device Market 2012-2016" report to their offering. One of the key factors contributing to this market growth is the increasing adoption of Ethernet access devices in telecom network backhaul. The Global Ethernet Access Device market has also been witnessing a decrease in the price of Ethernet access devices. However, the complex installation process of Ethernet access devices could pose a challenge to the growth of this market. The key vendors dominating this market space are ADVA Optical Networking SE., Ciena Corp., Overture Networks Inc., and Actelis Network Inc. The other vendors mentioned in the report are Alcatel-Lucent Inc., Bell Labs Inc., Cisco System Inc., Ericsson Inc., Hewlett-Packard Co., Huawei Co. Ltd., IBM Corp., NEC Corp., Nokia Siemens Networks Pvt. Ltd., Nortel Networks Corp., Samsung Networks Inc., UTStarcom Holdings Corp., and ZTE Corp. Commenting on the report, an analyst from TechNavio's Networking team
Global Next Generation High Speed Wireless Networking Market 2012-2016: Market to grow at a CAGR of 7.94%
M2 - Fri Mar 22, 7:54AM CDT
Research and Markets (http://www.researchandmarkets.com/research/r5t8qt/global_next) has announced the addition of the "Global Next Generation High Speed Wireless Networking Market 2012-2016" report to their offering. TechNavio's analysts forecast the Global Next-generation High-speed Wireless Networking market to grow at a CAGR of 7.94 percent over the period 2012-2016. One of the key factors contributing to this market growth is the increased adoption of HSPA technology. The Global Next-generation High-speed Wireless Networking market has also been witnessing an increase in the deployment of LTE networks. However, the selection of the right technology for network upgradation could pose a challenge to the growth of this market. This report has been prepared based on an in-depth market analysis with inputs from industry experts. The report covers the Americas, and the EMEA and APAC regions; it covers the Global Next-generation High-speed Wireless Networking market landscape and its growth prospects in the
The Global Hardware and Software Support Services Market to Grow At A CAGR Of 3.43 Percent over the Period 2012-2016
M2 - Wed Feb 13, 11:46AM CST
Research and Markets (http://www.researchandmarkets.com/research/4f3dfv/global_hardware) has announced the addition of the "Global Hardware and Software Support Services Market 2012-2016" report to their offering. One of the key factors contributing to this market growth is the increase in the adoption of IT support services by the Government sector. The Global Hardware and Software Support Services market has also been witnessing an increasing focus on SMEs. However, the unstable global economic recovery could pose a challenge to the growth of this market. The key vendors dominating the Global Hardware and Software Support Services market space are Amazon Inc., Apple Inc., Barnes and Noble Inc., and Blackboard Inc. The other vendors mentioned in the report are Accenture plc, Avaya Inc., CA Technologies Inc., Cisco Systems Inc., Dell Inc., EMC Corp., Fujitsu Ltd., Microsoft Corp., Nortel Networks Corp., Novell Inc., Red Hat Inc., Symantec Corp., Unisys Corp., and VMware Inc. Commenting on the report, an
Internet Protocol Television (iPTV) - Global Strategic Business Report
M2 - Fri Feb 01, 6:28AM CST
Research and Markets (http://www.researchandmarkets.com/research/bxzln2/internet_protocol) has announced the addition of the "Internet Protocol Television (iPTV) - Global Strategic Business Report" report to their offering. This report analyzes the worldwide markets for Internet Protocol Television (iPTV) in Millions of Subscribers and US$ Million. The global market is analyzed by the following Systems: - Set-Top Boxes - Access Systems - Video Headend Equipment - Video-on-Demand - Middleware - Content Protection - and System Integration. The report provides separate comprehensive analytics for the US, Canada, Europe, Asia-Pacific, and Rest of World. Annual estimates and forecasts are provided for the period 2009 through 2017. Also, a five-year historic analysis is provided for these markets. The report profiles 130 companies. Market data and analytics are derived from primary and secondary research. Company profiles are primarily based upon search engine sources in the public domain. Total Companies Pr
Global Ethernet Switch Market 2011-2015: One of the Main Growth Inhibitors Is Increase In Point Of Failures in Ethernet Networks
M2 - Tue Jan 08, 9:16AM CST
Research and Markets (http://www.researchandmarkets.com/research/5s936l/global_ethernet) has announced the addition of the "Global Ethernet Switch Market 2011-2015" report to their offering. TechNavio's analysts forecast the Global Ethernet Switch market to grow at a CAGR of 8.21 percent over the period 2012-2016. One of the key factors contributing to this market growth is the increasing demand for 10Gb Ethernet switches. The Global Ethernet Switch market has also been witnessing the increasing adoption in storage area network. However, the increase in point of failures in Ethernet networks could pose a challenge to the growth of this market. Commenting on the report, an analyst from TechNavio's Networking team said: ''One of the main trends in the Global Ethernet Switch market is the increasing adoption of Ethernet switches in storage area network (SAN) for storage. As a result of the significant increase in enterprise data, enterprises are increasingly investing in data storage networks such as SAN. Al
