Broadcom Corp (BRCM) 38.89 $BRCM
Watch for Broadcom to Potentially Pullback After Gaining 1.99% Yesterday
Comtex SmarTrend(R) - Tue Aug 19, 4:32PM CDT
Broadcom (NASDAQ:BRCM) traded in a range yesterday that spanned from a low of $38.08 to a high of $38.95. Yesterday, the shares gained 2.0%, which took the trading range above the 3-day high of $38.19 on volume of 4.9 million shares. Often times after large one-day gains, short term traders will seek to take profits and, as such, investors should be cautious.
Look for Shares of Broadcom to Potentially Pullback after Yesterday's 1.99% Rise
Comtex SmarTrend(R) - Tue Aug 19, 4:31PM CDT
Broadcom (NASDAQ:BRCM) traded in a range yesterday that spanned from a low of $38.08 to a high of $38.95. Yesterday, the shares gained 2.0%, which took the trading range above the 3-day high of $38.19 on volume of 4.9 million shares. Often times after large one-day gains, short term traders will seek to take profits and, as such, investors should be cautious.
3 Reasons Broadcom Corporation's Stock Could Fall
Ashraf Eassa, The Motley Fool - Motley Fool - Tue Aug 19, 12:00PM CDT
Investors in Broadcom have enjoyed a very nice 28% gain in their investment year to date. Though there are plenty of reasons to be bullish (in fact, I think the stock has much more room to run), there's always both a bullish and a...
3 Reasons Qualcomm, Inc.'s Stock Could Rise
Ashraf Eassa, The Motley Fool - Motley Fool - Tue Aug 19, 8:30AM CDT
Qualcomm is the world's leading vendor of semiconductor chips aimed at the smartphone market. In addition, it owns a war chest of wireless patents that allow it to collect royalty checks from the sale of just about every smartphone sold....
NeoPhotonics (NPTN) Soars: Stock Adds 14.8% in Session - Tale of the Tape
Zacks Equity Research - Zacks Investment Research - Tue Aug 19, 8:21AM CDT
NeoPhotonics Corporation (NPTN) was a big mover last session, as the company saw its shares rise nearly 15% on the day.
Near Field Communication (NFC) Market - Global Industry Analysis 2013 - 2019
M2 - Tue Aug 19, 4:37AM CDT
Research and Markets (http://www.researchandmarkets.com/research/64bqwm/near_field) has announced the addition of the "Near Field Communication (NFC) Market - Global Industry Analysis, Size, Share, Growth, Trends and Forecast, 2013 - 2019" report to their offering. The global NFC market was valued at USD 1,068.3 million in 2012 and is expected to grow at a CAGR of 43.7% during the forecast period Worldwide, the shipment for NFC-enabled cellular handsets stood at 264.5 million units in 2013. The mobile phone and tablet manufacturers are increasingly including NFC features in their phones and this is expected to grow during the coming years. Further, most of the already existing point of sale (POS) and transportation systems across the globe use NFC technology, thus considerable infrastructure is already developed for the use of NFC -enabled devices. There is a lot of research being carried out in the NFC field which shows the commitment of industry players toward full scale implementation of NFC in coming future. The products in NFC market include NFC controller ICs (chips), NFC tags, NFC readers and NFC secure elements. NFC chips enable transactions and data exchange without the need to pair the devices. NFC technology saves time in payment processing as the transaction gets conducted through radio frequency (RF); this is resulting in the increasing adoption of NFC chips. NFC tags are capable of storing small amounts of information. Customer satisfaction, easy communication and ease of use are some of the factors expected to drive the NFC tags market. NFC readers are the devices capable of reading data through the NFC-enabled devices when tapped. Secure elements store applications which perform security execution and authentication for access. These products are finding applications in various areas such as payment (transaction), ticketing, booking, data sharing, service, authentication and access control, healthcare, and games and toys, among others. Furthermore, NFC complements and enhances advanced smart card driven applications such as payment, logistics & supply chain, public transport, customer loyalty program, point of sale (POS), access management and eGovernance. Number of new applications across various industries such as healthcare, and gaming and services is also leading to the growth of this market. NFC-based payment model is rapidly gaining momentum as it is anticipated to replace currently used debit and credit cards owing to better security features. Ease of use and improved security features are some of the reasons for the increasing adoption of NFC technology in newer application areas. The global NFC market is categorized into the following segments: Near Field Communication Market, by Product Type: - NFC Controller ICs (Chips) - NFC Tags - NFC Readers - NFC Secure Element Near Field Communication Market, by Application: - Payment - Ticketing - Booking - Data Sharing - Service - Authentication and Access Control - Healthcare - Games and Toys - Others (smart advertising and NFC based location services) Companies Profiled - 4 Recent Developments - Broadcom Corporation - DeviceFidelity, Inc. - Gemalto N.V. - Identive Group, Inc. - NXP Semiconductors N.V. - On Track Innovations (OTI) Ltd. - ST Microelectronics N.V. - Samsung Electronics Co. Ltd. - Toshiba Corporation - Visa, Inc. For more information visit http://www.researchandmarkets.com/research/64bqwm/near_field
5 Things Broadcom Corporation's Management Wants You to Know
Ashraf Eassa, The Motley Fool - Motley Fool - Mon Aug 18, 8:08PM CDT
Since Broadcom announced that it will shut down its cellular baseband business, the company's stock has been on a roll. However, as nice as the baseband shutdown has been in unlocking the underlying profitability of the company's core...
Insider Trading Alert - LGND, BRCM And TER Traded By Insiders
at The Street - Mon Aug 18, 9:45AM CDT
Stocks with insider trader activity include LGND, BRCM and TER
Broadcom (BRCM) Breaks Through Resistance at $37.88
Comtex SmarTrend(R) - Fri Aug 15, 12:29PM CDT
Shares of Broadcom (NASDAQ:BRCM) opened today above their pivot of $37.76 and have already reached the first level of resistance at $37.88. Analysts will be watching for a cross of the next upside pivot targets of $38.06 and $38.36.
Broadcom's board approves quarterly dividend of USD0.12 per share for quarter
M2 - Fri Aug 15, 5:35AM CDT
A semiconductor solutions company Broadcom Corporation's (NASDAQ:BRCM) board of directors authorised the next quarterly cash dividend of USD0.12 per share on the company's class A and B common stock, it disclosed on Thursday.
5 Ways Seniors Benefit from House Call Doctors
PR Newswire - Thu Aug 14, 11:44AM CDT
Medical Economics reports that, in the 1930s, a full 40% of patient treatment took place in the home. Since those days, the comfort of home care from an expert physician has become increasingly rare, but there are signs that house call doctors are beginning to make a substantial comeback. Data from Medicare Part B billings shows that the number of house calls increased from 1.4 million in 1999 to 2.3 million in 2009, due in large part to the growing number of seniors in the US, and their unique healthcare needs.
Texas Instruments (TXN) Launches Multiphase Vcore Solutions - Analyst Blog
Zacks Equity Research - Zacks Investment Research - Wed Aug 13, 2:50PM CDT
Texas Instruments (TXN) has unveiled an advanced digital multiphase core voltage (Vcore) power management system solution.
Anritsu Announces Manufacturing Test License Agreement with Broadcom
PR Newswire - Wed Aug 13, 12:50PM CDT
Anritsu Corporation today announced it has entered in to a Manufacturing Test License (MTL) agreement with Broadcom Corporation. Anritsu's modular MT8870A Universal Wireless Test Set enables cellular, wireless connectivity, location-based services (LBS), and other technologies to be tested in a single solution. Through the MTL agreement, Anritsu is able to provide certified calibration and verification test solutions to Broadcom WLAN and Bluetooth customers.
Broadcom Up 31.9% Since SmarTrend Uptrend Call (BRCM)
Comtex SmarTrend(R) - Tue Aug 12, 4:47PM CDT
SmarTrend identified an Uptrend for Broadcom (NASDAQ:BRCM) on December 10th, 2013 at $28.51. In approximately 8 months, Broadcom has returned 31.89% as of today's recent price of $37.60.
Cavium Surges In Communications Chip Market
at Investor's Business Daily - Tue Aug 12, 4:37PM CDT
Freescale Semiconductor holds a comfortable lead in the communications processor market, but it's being outpaced by rivals such as Cavium and Avago Technologies, research firm IDC reported Tuesday. Freescale (FSL) took in 37.7% of worldwide...
Strategic Agreements, Welfare Initiatives, New Projects, Prestigious Awards, and Corporate Updates - Research Reports on DIRECTV, Yum! Brands, Union Pacific, Starbucks and Broadcom
PR Newswire - Tue Aug 12, 8:00AM CDT
Today, Analysts Review released its research reports regarding DIRECTV (NASDAQ: DTV), Yum! Brands, Inc. (NYSE: YUM), Union Pacific Corporation (NYSE: UNP), Starbucks Corporation (NASDAQ: SBUX) and Broadcom Corp. (NASDAQ: BRCM). Private wealth members receive these notes ahead of publication. To reserve complementary membership, limited openings are available at: http://www.analystsreview.com/5657-100free.
Global Embedded Processor Market Forecasta and Opportunities, 2018
M2 - Tue Aug 12, 6:57AM CDT
Research and Markets (http://www.researchandmarkets.com/research/95bnnv/global_embedded) has announced the addition of the "Global Embedded Processor Market 2014-2018" report to their offering. The Global Embedded Processor market will grow at a CAGR of 5.7 percent over the period 2013-2018. An embedded processor is a single chip that encompasses the functions of several discrete chips. Embedded processors are integrated in the embedded systems which are used to carry out complex operations. Embedded processors are different from other processors because of their architecture which entails dedicated computing cores (a processor), memory, and programmable input/output peripherals. Embedded processors are developed to be integrated in devices which required to handle multiple processes in real-time. Thus, applications of embedded processors are expanding across sectors with an increasing efficiency as a result of technological developments in the domain of computer science. The Global Embedded Processor market can be segmented into three divisions, namely, embedded MPU, MCU, and embedded DSP. These are the type of embedded processor which are integrated in the systems depending on the applications. The report, the Global Embedded Processor Market 2014-2018, has been prepared based on an in-depth market analysis with inputs from industry experts. The report covers the APAC region, the EMEA region, and the Americas; it also covers the Global Embedded Processor market landscape and its growth prospects in the coming years. The report also includes a discussion of the key vendors operating in this market. Key Vendors - Cavium Inc. - Freescale Semiconductor Inc. - Intel Corp. - Marvell Technology Group Ltd. - Texas Instruments Inc. Other Prominent Vendors - Analog Devices Inc. - Applied Micro Circuits Corp. - Atmel Corp. - Broadcom Corp. - Infineon Technologies AG - LSI Corp. - Microchip Technology Inc. - NVIDIA Corp. - NXP Semiconductors N.V. - STMicroelectronics N.V. Key Questions Answered in this Report - What will the market size be in 2018 and what will the growth rate be? - What are the Key Market Trendss? - What is driving this market? - What are the challenges to market growth? - Who are the key vendors in this market space? - What are the market opportunities and threats faced by the key vendors? - What are the strengths and weaknesses of the key vendors? You can request one free hour of our analyst's time when you purchase this market report. For more information visit http://www.researchandmarkets.com/research/95...l_embedded
Earnings Look Back: Broadcom Is Down 3.7% Since Reporting Quarterly Results 2 Weeks Ago (BRCM)
Comtex SmarTrend(R) - Mon Aug 11, 11:57AM CDT
When Broadcom (NASDAQ:BRCM) reported earnings 20 days ago on July 22nd, 2014, analysts, on average, expected the company to report earnings of $0.61 on sales of $2.1 billion. The company actually reported EPS of $0.65 on sales of $2.0 billion, beating EPS estimates by $0.04 and missing revenue estimates by $12.9 million. Since the company's report, shares of Broadcom have fallen from $38.75 to $37.30, representing a loss of 3.7% in the past 20 days.
Broadcom (BRCM) Crosses Pivot Point Resistance at $37.56
Comtex SmarTrend(R) - Mon Aug 11, 9:19AM CDT
Broadcom (NASDAQ:BRCM) has opened bullishly above the pivot of $37.08 today and has reached the first level of resistance at $37.56. Should the shares continue to rise, the resistance pivots of $37.81 and $38.54 will be of interest.
Why You Shouldn't Bet Against Broadcom (BRCM) Stock - Tale of the Tape
Zacks Equity Research - Zacks Investment Research - Fri Aug 08, 8:51AM CDT
One stock that might be an intriguing choice for investors right now is Broadcom as this security in the semiconductor space is seeing solid earnings estimate revision activity, and is in great company from a Zacks Industry Rank perspective.
Watch for Broadcom to Potentially Pullback After Gaining 1.99% Yesterday
Comtex SmarTrend(R) - Tue Aug 19, 4:32PM CDT
Broadcom (NASDAQ:BRCM) traded in a range yesterday that spanned from a low of $38.08 to a high of $38.95. Yesterday, the shares gained 2.0%, which took the trading range above the 3-day high of $38.19 on volume of 4.9 million shares. Often times after large one-day gains, short term traders will seek to take profits and, as such, investors should be cautious.
Look for Shares of Broadcom to Potentially Pullback after Yesterday's 1.99% Rise
Comtex SmarTrend(R) - Tue Aug 19, 4:31PM CDT
Broadcom (NASDAQ:BRCM) traded in a range yesterday that spanned from a low of $38.08 to a high of $38.95. Yesterday, the shares gained 2.0%, which took the trading range above the 3-day high of $38.19 on volume of 4.9 million shares. Often times after large one-day gains, short term traders will seek to take profits and, as such, investors should be cautious.
3 Reasons Broadcom Corporation's Stock Could Fall
Ashraf Eassa, The Motley Fool - Motley Fool - Tue Aug 19, 12:00PM CDT
Investors in Broadcom have enjoyed a very nice 28% gain in their investment year to date. Though there are plenty of reasons to be bullish (in fact, I think the stock has much more room to run), there's always both a bullish and a...
3 Reasons Qualcomm, Inc.'s Stock Could Rise
Ashraf Eassa, The Motley Fool - Motley Fool - Tue Aug 19, 8:30AM CDT
Qualcomm is the world's leading vendor of semiconductor chips aimed at the smartphone market. In addition, it owns a war chest of wireless patents that allow it to collect royalty checks from the sale of just about every smartphone sold....
NeoPhotonics (NPTN) Soars: Stock Adds 14.8% in Session - Tale of the Tape
Zacks Equity Research - Zacks Investment Research - Tue Aug 19, 8:21AM CDT
NeoPhotonics Corporation (NPTN) was a big mover last session, as the company saw its shares rise nearly 15% on the day.
Near Field Communication (NFC) Market - Global Industry Analysis 2013 - 2019
M2 - Tue Aug 19, 4:37AM CDT
Research and Markets (http://www.researchandmarkets.com/research/64bqwm/near_field) has announced the addition of the "Near Field Communication (NFC) Market - Global Industry Analysis, Size, Share, Growth, Trends and Forecast, 2013 - 2019" report to their offering. The global NFC market was valued at USD 1,068.3 million in 2012 and is expected to grow at a CAGR of 43.7% during the forecast period Worldwide, the shipment for NFC-enabled cellular handsets stood at 264.5 million units in 2013. The mobile phone and tablet manufacturers are increasingly including NFC features in their phones and this is expected to grow during the coming years. Further, most of the already existing point of sale (POS) and transportation systems across the globe use NFC technology, thus considerable infrastructure is already developed for the use of NFC -enabled devices. There is a lot of research being carried out in the NFC field which shows the commitment of industry players toward full scale implementation of NFC in coming future. The products in NFC market include NFC controller ICs (chips), NFC tags, NFC readers and NFC secure elements. NFC chips enable transactions and data exchange without the need to pair the devices. NFC technology saves time in payment processing as the transaction gets conducted through radio frequency (RF); this is resulting in the increasing adoption of NFC chips. NFC tags are capable of storing small amounts of information. Customer satisfaction, easy communication and ease of use are some of the factors expected to drive the NFC tags market. NFC readers are the devices capable of reading data through the NFC-enabled devices when tapped. Secure elements store applications which perform security execution and authentication for access. These products are finding applications in various areas such as payment (transaction), ticketing, booking, data sharing, service, authentication and access control, healthcare, and games and toys, among others. Furthermore, NFC complements and enhances advanced smart card driven applications such as payment, logistics & supply chain, public transport, customer loyalty program, point of sale (POS), access management and eGovernance. Number of new applications across various industries such as healthcare, and gaming and services is also leading to the growth of this market. NFC-based payment model is rapidly gaining momentum as it is anticipated to replace currently used debit and credit cards owing to better security features. Ease of use and improved security features are some of the reasons for the increasing adoption of NFC technology in newer application areas. The global NFC market is categorized into the following segments: Near Field Communication Market, by Product Type: - NFC Controller ICs (Chips) - NFC Tags - NFC Readers - NFC Secure Element Near Field Communication Market, by Application: - Payment - Ticketing - Booking - Data Sharing - Service - Authentication and Access Control - Healthcare - Games and Toys - Others (smart advertising and NFC based location services) Companies Profiled - 4 Recent Developments - Broadcom Corporation - DeviceFidelity, Inc. - Gemalto N.V. - Identive Group, Inc. - NXP Semiconductors N.V. - On Track Innovations (OTI) Ltd. - ST Microelectronics N.V. - Samsung Electronics Co. Ltd. - Toshiba Corporation - Visa, Inc. For more information visit http://www.researchandmarkets.com/research/64bqwm/near_field
5 Things Broadcom Corporation's Management Wants You to Know
Ashraf Eassa, The Motley Fool - Motley Fool - Mon Aug 18, 8:08PM CDT
Since Broadcom announced that it will shut down its cellular baseband business, the company's stock has been on a roll. However, as nice as the baseband shutdown has been in unlocking the underlying profitability of the company's core...
Insider Trading Alert - LGND, BRCM And TER Traded By Insiders
at The Street - Mon Aug 18, 9:45AM CDT
Stocks with insider trader activity include LGND, BRCM and TER
Broadcom (BRCM) Breaks Through Resistance at $37.88
Comtex SmarTrend(R) - Fri Aug 15, 12:29PM CDT
Shares of Broadcom (NASDAQ:BRCM) opened today above their pivot of $37.76 and have already reached the first level of resistance at $37.88. Analysts will be watching for a cross of the next upside pivot targets of $38.06 and $38.36.
Broadcom's board approves quarterly dividend of USD0.12 per share for quarter
M2 - Fri Aug 15, 5:35AM CDT
A semiconductor solutions company Broadcom Corporation's (NASDAQ:BRCM) board of directors authorised the next quarterly cash dividend of USD0.12 per share on the company's class A and B common stock, it disclosed on Thursday.
5 Ways Seniors Benefit from House Call Doctors
PR Newswire - Thu Aug 14, 11:44AM CDT
Medical Economics reports that, in the 1930s, a full 40% of patient treatment took place in the home. Since those days, the comfort of home care from an expert physician has become increasingly rare, but there are signs that house call doctors are beginning to make a substantial comeback. Data from Medicare Part B billings shows that the number of house calls increased from 1.4 million in 1999 to 2.3 million in 2009, due in large part to the growing number of seniors in the US, and their unique healthcare needs.
Texas Instruments (TXN) Launches Multiphase Vcore Solutions - Analyst Blog
Zacks Equity Research - Zacks Investment Research - Wed Aug 13, 2:50PM CDT
Texas Instruments (TXN) has unveiled an advanced digital multiphase core voltage (Vcore) power management system solution.
Anritsu Announces Manufacturing Test License Agreement with Broadcom
PR Newswire - Wed Aug 13, 12:50PM CDT
Anritsu Corporation today announced it has entered in to a Manufacturing Test License (MTL) agreement with Broadcom Corporation. Anritsu's modular MT8870A Universal Wireless Test Set enables cellular, wireless connectivity, location-based services (LBS), and other technologies to be tested in a single solution. Through the MTL agreement, Anritsu is able to provide certified calibration and verification test solutions to Broadcom WLAN and Bluetooth customers.
Broadcom Up 31.9% Since SmarTrend Uptrend Call (BRCM)
Comtex SmarTrend(R) - Tue Aug 12, 4:47PM CDT
SmarTrend identified an Uptrend for Broadcom (NASDAQ:BRCM) on December 10th, 2013 at $28.51. In approximately 8 months, Broadcom has returned 31.89% as of today's recent price of $37.60.
Cavium Surges In Communications Chip Market
at Investor's Business Daily - Tue Aug 12, 4:37PM CDT
Freescale Semiconductor holds a comfortable lead in the communications processor market, but it's being outpaced by rivals such as Cavium and Avago Technologies, research firm IDC reported Tuesday. Freescale (FSL) took in 37.7% of worldwide...
Strategic Agreements, Welfare Initiatives, New Projects, Prestigious Awards, and Corporate Updates - Research Reports on DIRECTV, Yum! Brands, Union Pacific, Starbucks and Broadcom
PR Newswire - Tue Aug 12, 8:00AM CDT
Today, Analysts Review released its research reports regarding DIRECTV (NASDAQ: DTV), Yum! Brands, Inc. (NYSE: YUM), Union Pacific Corporation (NYSE: UNP), Starbucks Corporation (NASDAQ: SBUX) and Broadcom Corp. (NASDAQ: BRCM). Private wealth members receive these notes ahead of publication. To reserve complementary membership, limited openings are available at: http://www.analystsreview.com/5657-100free.
Global Embedded Processor Market Forecasta and Opportunities, 2018
M2 - Tue Aug 12, 6:57AM CDT
Research and Markets (http://www.researchandmarkets.com/research/95bnnv/global_embedded) has announced the addition of the "Global Embedded Processor Market 2014-2018" report to their offering. The Global Embedded Processor market will grow at a CAGR of 5.7 percent over the period 2013-2018. An embedded processor is a single chip that encompasses the functions of several discrete chips. Embedded processors are integrated in the embedded systems which are used to carry out complex operations. Embedded processors are different from other processors because of their architecture which entails dedicated computing cores (a processor), memory, and programmable input/output peripherals. Embedded processors are developed to be integrated in devices which required to handle multiple processes in real-time. Thus, applications of embedded processors are expanding across sectors with an increasing efficiency as a result of technological developments in the domain of computer science. The Global Embedded Processor market can be segmented into three divisions, namely, embedded MPU, MCU, and embedded DSP. These are the type of embedded processor which are integrated in the systems depending on the applications. The report, the Global Embedded Processor Market 2014-2018, has been prepared based on an in-depth market analysis with inputs from industry experts. The report covers the APAC region, the EMEA region, and the Americas; it also covers the Global Embedded Processor market landscape and its growth prospects in the coming years. The report also includes a discussion of the key vendors operating in this market. Key Vendors - Cavium Inc. - Freescale Semiconductor Inc. - Intel Corp. - Marvell Technology Group Ltd. - Texas Instruments Inc. Other Prominent Vendors - Analog Devices Inc. - Applied Micro Circuits Corp. - Atmel Corp. - Broadcom Corp. - Infineon Technologies AG - LSI Corp. - Microchip Technology Inc. - NVIDIA Corp. - NXP Semiconductors N.V. - STMicroelectronics N.V. Key Questions Answered in this Report - What will the market size be in 2018 and what will the growth rate be? - What are the Key Market Trendss? - What is driving this market? - What are the challenges to market growth? - Who are the key vendors in this market space? - What are the market opportunities and threats faced by the key vendors? - What are the strengths and weaknesses of the key vendors? You can request one free hour of our analyst's time when you purchase this market report. For more information visit http://www.researchandmarkets.com/research/95...l_embedded
Earnings Look Back: Broadcom Is Down 3.7% Since Reporting Quarterly Results 2 Weeks Ago (BRCM)
Comtex SmarTrend(R) - Mon Aug 11, 11:57AM CDT
When Broadcom (NASDAQ:BRCM) reported earnings 20 days ago on July 22nd, 2014, analysts, on average, expected the company to report earnings of $0.61 on sales of $2.1 billion. The company actually reported EPS of $0.65 on sales of $2.0 billion, beating EPS estimates by $0.04 and missing revenue estimates by $12.9 million. Since the company's report, shares of Broadcom have fallen from $38.75 to $37.30, representing a loss of 3.7% in the past 20 days.
Broadcom (BRCM) Crosses Pivot Point Resistance at $37.56
Comtex SmarTrend(R) - Mon Aug 11, 9:19AM CDT
Broadcom (NASDAQ:BRCM) has opened bullishly above the pivot of $37.08 today and has reached the first level of resistance at $37.56. Should the shares continue to rise, the resistance pivots of $37.81 and $38.54 will be of interest.
Why You Shouldn't Bet Against Broadcom (BRCM) Stock - Tale of the Tape
Zacks Equity Research - Zacks Investment Research - Fri Aug 08, 8:51AM CDT
One stock that might be an intriguing choice for investors right now is Broadcom as this security in the semiconductor space is seeing solid earnings estimate revision activity, and is in great company from a Zacks Industry Rank perspective.
