Amarantus BioScience Holdings, Inc., a development-stage biotechnology company, focuses on the discovery and development of drug candidates and diagnostic blood tests to diagnose and treat human diseases in the United States. The company is developing the Mesencephalic-Astrocyte-derived Neurotrophic Factor, a therapeutic protein to treat Parkinson?s diseases, as well as for other apoptosis-related disorders, including ischemic heart disease, traumatic brain injury, and orphan diseases; LymPro, blood test to diagnose Alzheimer?s disease; NuroPro to diagnose neurodegenerative diseases; and BC-SeraPro to diagnose breast cancer. It also owns PhenoGuard cell lines for the screening and discovery of biologic drug candidates and biomarkers of the central nervous system. The company was formerly known as Amarantus Bioscience, Inc. and changed its name to Amarantus Bioscience Holdings, Inc. in April 2013. Amarantus Bioscience Holdings, Inc. was founded in 2008 and is based in Sunnyvale, California.