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Clinical trials and animal studies of HIV remission approaches reported outcomes of interventions designed to maintain HIV viral suppression or remission after ART was paused. When ART is paused in an HIV remission study it is called an analytical treatment interruption (ATI) .

In one study, researchers infected 16 infant monkeys with the simian version of HIV (SHIV), then placed them into three different treatment groups, each including ART with various combinations of the investigational HIV drug leronlimab and the HIV bNAbs called PGT121-LS and VRC07-523-LS.

After 27 weeks of treatment , the research team conducted an ATI and observed outcomes by treatment group.

Animals that received ART and both HIV bNAbs experienced rapid rebound of detectable SHIV.

Two of 6 animals that received ART and leronlimab remained free of detectable virus through 20 weeks after ATI.

All of the animals that received ART, leronlimab and the two HIV bNAbs remained free of detectable virus at the time of abstract submission, 15 weeks after ATI.

Monitoring and assessment of monkeys’ SHIV reservoirs is ongoing, and further studies are warranted to understand the effects observed, according to the authors.

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