When Civil Servants began in 1871 in the U.S. it served somewhat of a useful function. With the explosion of government in the 1950's, it resulted in an entrenched gaggle of technocrats. As bad as political appointments are, they are limited by definition. Not so civil servants --- which is one reason Obama converted many political appointments to civil servants when he left office. An unfortunate legacy to say the least. The insidious creep of government bureaucracy which adds nothing and detracts greatly